-
Palpate skin surfaces for
- Moisture
- Temperature
- Texture
- Turgor
- Mobility
-
Inspect Hair for
- Color
- Distribution
- Quantity
-
Inspect nails for
- pigmentation of nail and beds
- length
- symmetry
- ridging, beading, pitting, peeling
-
Nail base angle should be
160 degrees
-
Inspect and palpate proximal and lateral nail folds for
- redness
- swelling
- pain
- exudate
- warts, cysts, tumors
-
Palpate nail plate for
- texture
- firmness
- thickness
- uniformity
- ADHERENCE TO NAIL BED
-
When taking a PMH for skin, ask about __________ diseases
systemic
-
When taking a PMH, ask about sensitivity to
sensory stimuli
-
Wood's lamp is used to
view fluorescing lesions
-
Skin is examined by
inspection and palpation
-
The most important tools when assessing the skin are
your own eyes and powers of observation
-
________ provides the best illumination for determing color variations, particularly jaundice
daylight
-
_________ lighting is helpful in assessing contour
Tangential
-
Another name for mole
Nevi
-
___________ moles tend to occur on the upper back in men and on the legs in women
dysplastic
-
Use the _______ surface of your hands or fingers to assess skin temperature
dorsal
-
_________ skin lesions occur as initial spontantious manifestations of a pathologic process
primary
-
those skin lesions that result from later evolution of or external trauma to a primary lesion
secondary
-
Skin lesions with a stalk
pedunculated
-
skin lesions without a stalk
sessile
-
Acriform lesion
bow-shaped
-
-
Measure skin lesions by
hight width and depth when possible
-
__________ may be used to determine the presence of fluid in cysts and masses
transillumination
-
Fluid-filled lesions will transilluminate with a ______ glow, whereas solid lesions will not
red glow
-
__________ can be used to evaluate epidermal hypopigmented or hyperpigmented lesions, and to distinguish fluorescing lesions.
wood's lamp
-
Fine _____ hair covers the body
vellus
-
Coarse _________ hair occurs on the scalp, pubic, and axillary areas, on the arms and legs, and in the beard of men.
terminal
-
hirsutism
growth of terminal hair in a male distribution pattern on the face, body, and pubic area of women
-
hirutism in women may be sign of an ___________ disorder
endocrine
-
Hair loss in the feet and toes may indicate
poor circulation or nutritional deficit
-
9 Functions of the skin
- 1. Protect against microbial and foreign substance invasion and minor trauma
- 2. Retard body fluid loss by providing a mechanical barrier
- 3. Regulate body temp through radiation, conduction, convection, and evaporation
- 4. Provide sensory perception via free nerve endings and specialized receptors
- 5. Produce vitamin D from precursors in the skin
- 6. Contribute to blood pressure regulation through constriction of skin blood vessels
- 7. Repair surface wounds by exaggerating the normal process of cell replacement
- 8. Secrete sweat, urea, and lactic acid
- 9. Express emotions
-
Layers of skin
- epidermis- stratum corneum, stratum germinativum, stratum lucidum
- dermis
- hypodermis
- adispose
-
water proofing protein of the skin
keratin
-
capillary refil
less than three seconds
-
turgor
less than three seconds
-
clubbing of nails
- 180 degress
- COPD, thyroid disease
-
moles are typically less than ___ mm
6
-
typically how many moles on person
10-40
-
-
petechia
- red purple nonblanchable discoloration less than 0.5 cm diameter
- cause: intravascular defects, infection
-
Ecchymoses
- red-puple nonblanchable discoloration of variable size
- cause: vascular wall destruction, trauma, vasculitis
-
purpura
red-purple nonblanchable discoloration greater than 0.5 cm diameter
cause: intravascular defects, infection
-
A flat, circumscribed area that is a change in the color of the skin; less than 1 cm in daimeter
macule
-
an elevated, firm, circumscribed area; less than 1 cm in diameter
papule
wart (verruca), evated moles, lichen planus
-
decubitis ulcer is the same as
pressure ulcer
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