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Anatomy
The structure of the body
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Physiology
The function of the living body and its parts.
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Anatomical Position
Thepatient is standing erect, facing forward, with arms down at the sides, and palms forward
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Anatomical Planes
Imaginary divisions of the body.
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Sagittal Planes
Vertical plane that runs lengthwise and divides the body into right and left segments
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Midsagittal Plane
Divides the body into two equal halves
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Frontal or Coronal Plane
Divides the body into front and back halves
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Transverse or Horizontal Plane
Parallel with the ground and divides the body into upper and lower halves
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Midaxillary Line
Middle of the armpit down to the ankle
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Musculoskeletal System
Consists of a bony framework, or skeleton, held together by ligaments that connect bone to bone, layers of muscle, tendons that connect muscles to bones, and various other connective tissues.
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Skeletal Muscle or Voluntary Muscle
Can be contracted and relaxed by will of the individual.
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Smooth Muscle or Involuntary Muscle
Made up of large fibers that carry out the automatic muscular functions of the body through rhythmic, wavelike movements.
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Cardiac Muscle
Special kind of involuntary muscle particularly suited for the work of the heart
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Respiration
The process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide across membranes
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Oxygenation
The form of respiration in which oxygen molecules move across a membrane from an area of high oxygen concentration to an area of low oxygen concentration
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Ventilation
The mechanical process by which air is moved in and out of the lungs
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Carotid Arteries
Supply the brain and head with blood
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Femoral Artery
Major artery of the thigh and supplies the groin and leg with blood
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Dorsalis Pedis Artery
Pulsations of the dorsalis pedis can be felt on the top of the foot
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Posterior Tibial Artery
Travels through the calf to the foot
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Brachial Artery
Major artery of the upper arm
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Radial Artery
Major artery of the arm distal to the elbow joint
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Pulmonary Arteries
Carry oxygen-depleted blood to the lungs
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Venae Cavae
Carry oxygen-depleted blood back to the right atrium
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Hydrostatic Pressure
The force exerted on the inside of the vessel walls as a result of the blood pressure and volume.
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Edema
Swelling occurring in the tissues
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Central Nervous System
Consists of the brain and spinal cord
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Peripheral Nervous System
Composed of nerves located outside the spinal cord and brain
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Voluntary Nervous System
Influences the activity of skeletal muscles and movements
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Autonomic Nervous System
Influences the activity of smooth muscles and glands
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Endocrine System
Made up of ductless glands, the body regulators
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