Zoology exam 1

• Ascenoid
• Leukenoid
• syconoid

basic sponge with one way out the top and has ostium proteins.

group of choanflagelles, your basic intestine for obtaining food in the sponges.

currents flow through prosopyle and go through the canals and filtered out the top. secondary sponge

many holes and canals that flow through flagellated chambers to obtain food.

porocyte and choanocytes capture food

no movements in adults

• 0
• none
• no

• none
• none 
• none

• spicules as bones
• mesohyl as tissue

water flows in porocytes (protien holes in the sponge) and ostiums (actual open). choanocytes trap food and then archaenocytes absorb nutrients and grow into new spicules or tissue

cell diffusion between cells

distribution of nutrients through simple diffusion. when finished water is pushed out the osculum (top hole or exit of sponge)

no nervous system

gemmules and buds asexually reproduce. eggs and sperm sexually reproduce with free swimming flagellated chambers. hope that sperm will flow into other sponge. release clouds of sperm.

• anthozoa (anenomes)
• scyphozoa (jellyfish)
• hydra (small microscopic organism)

circular and longitudinal muscels to squrim and cooperate in water

• diploblasty (epidermis and gastrodermis)
• none
• radial symmetry

• none
• none
• none

none

cells that shoot nematocyst that captures food and falls in moth of cnidarian andf whole colony can absorb food through the nutritive muscular cells and

• hydra or amenome 
• jelly fish

simple diffusion of cells and water.

asexual and sexual reproduction in hope that sperm will find egg

polyp either drops seed or releases a bud of a jellyfish

a strand of unorganized nervoustissue that covers the cnidarian

movement and sensory neurons along a cnidarian

cnidocytes or nematocytes of it sting prey. open up mouth engulf it and gastrovascular cavity with gland cells release enzymes to break down food.

cells that excrete helpful adaptive or turn into new cells in the sponge and cnidarians

flatworms

marine, fresh, and terrestrial

free living

no gut. simple intestine and free lives and parasitic. sticks to animals to eat the nutrients it doesn't

• 3
• start of head
• bilateral

• none
• prototype
• acoelomate

acoelomates

none

different forms. basic mouth pharynx and intesine

no respiratory system. gas exchange occurs but they lack gills or lungs

penis fencing to determine sex and diffusion of sperm into the eggs. There is also asexual reproduction in parasitic versions.

anterior ganglion with longitudinal nerves that nonnect to the cerebral ganglion.

• statosyst and ocelli like in cnidarian
• photo receptors in the eyes
• on ventral side to pick up movement and thats where the mouth is.

mucous sheath body excretionto move through water.

move away due to adaptation of colder wet and dark areas

whoever dominates as male can swim away harmless where as the female is pregnant with eggs and has been stabbed

excretory system in flatworms

soft

• cephalapod
• gastropod
• bivalvia

• 3
• yes
• bilateral

• no segmentation but attached to shells
• protostome
• coelomate

no skeletal but they have a shell

no radula

radula, ciliary tracts internal and external. stomachs (liver and kidneys)

conveyor belt of teeth to bottom feed and crush substances

gills, lungs and lungs. exchange through mantle and surface. heart and vessels pulimary vessels.

free swimming. gastropods have a genetic code for twirling

• dextral
• sinistral

ganglia rings that act as brain except in bivalvia. a lot of sensory neurons. photoreceptors.

usually in the mantle. bivalves have the different water flows

hold and protect organs. Some secrete a shell.

stab, stimulate, lay eggs and sperm. trochophore re

little rings, and segmentations

worms and leeches

grabing, living off other organism, leeches are parasitic

circular and longitudinal muscle fibers. segmentation to dig.

• three
• yes
• start to see head and anus

• bilateral
• coelomate
• protostome

hydro-static coelom. fluid that acts as skeleton. devided by septa. not in leeches

complete digestive system. mouth, pharynx, esophogus, crop/gut, and anus

closed blood flow with aorta arch. blood pumps segmentally. no respiratory system but they exchange gas through pores and gills if they have them.

nephredia which are cells that take waste out of the coelom and blood flow straight out the pores or anuz

regeneration and fissure and

hyrostatik skeleton of the annelid and the muscles work together to thin and and lengthen worm and then retract it.

• drowning
• unable to breath in water or dry land
• paralysis of to much sun and light

thread

muscle quadrants

• three
• bilateral
• no head

• no
• pseudocoelomate
• protostomes

hydrostatic to withstand pressure and can live in digestive system

straight simple tube

none. simple gas exchange in the membrane.

cycle of being eaten. eggs in feces or ground, infects parasitically or is eaten, go through circulatory system and lungs and liver, lays eggs and mate in the small intestine.

• -has one mesoderm and lacks peritonium inner body cavity
• -tripoblastic animals
• -flat worms