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Anxiety
- feeling uneasy uncertin, & helpless
- normal emtional response to real or imagined threat or stressor
- several purposes:
- warning 4 danger
- mild anxiety can increase learning by enhancing concntration & focus
- uncontrolled anxiety leads 2 ineffective & maladaptive behaviors
- normal part of survival & growth
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continuum of anxiety responses
- adaptive responses to anxiety result in positive outcomes
- responses to anxiety occur in 4 stages SEE PG 192
- when having anxiety, intellectual, emotional, & behavioral responses help us cope
- when having anxiety, the autonomic nervouse system stimulates fight or flight
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types of anxiety
signal anxiety- learned response 2 anticipated event
anxiety state- persons coping ability are overwhelmed & emotional control is lost
anxiety trait- learned componant of personality
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generilized anxiety disorder
- when anxiety broad long-lasting & excessive
- cant control worries
- cant concentrate, they make things bigger then they are
- occurs more frequently in ppl w/ irritable bowel syndrome, headaches, sleep dsturbance, substance abuse
- kids will have an over anxious disorder of childhood- they worry about school & social interactions, adult s worry about everyday life stituations
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panic disorders
- period of fear or discomfort
- hard health care staff to distinguish b/c s/s like actual physical dysfunction
- duraton of short(1-15min) w/ peak @ 10min
- TX- 3 goal
- educating about disorder, meds to block attacks, assissting to find other ways to cope
- cognatve therapy help identify their emotions & behaviors
- psychotherapy- allows them to explore social & or personal difficulties
- (meditation, biofeedback, aromatherapy)
Agoraphobia- anxiety about possible situations where attacks happen, they avoid place, ppl, they feel helpless, embarrassing
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phobic disorders
- internal fear reaction to specific situations or objects
- social phobia- any where that others are involved, b/c they could judge person their hands & voice shake, & vomit if they eat
- phobias are obsessive in nature
- health care providers should understand pt cultural background when assessing them
- b/c of big fear pt cant move
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OCD
- obsessive-distressing persistant thought
- compulsive- reoccuring behavior, not habits
- to reduce anxiety
- Reg. OCD- bout cleanliness, agressive, sexual, health, safety, order & symmetry, rins in family, & hormonal
- use ego defense mechanism
- cant have relaionships
- many have schizo, depression
- TX- meds & therapy
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traumatic stress reaction
- follows a stressfull event
- occurs after rape, homeless, abuse, health issues
- it follows:
- fear- out cry of anguish
- recovery/repair
- adaption- return to real world situations
- therapeutice interventions:
- providing stability, emotional support
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Post-traumatic stress disorder
- from traumatic expirience
- intense fear, helplessness
- S/S- flashbacks, can last few sec. to 30 min, & their intervenions should be keeping them safe
- they usually isolate themselves, children express by being disorganized, or aggitated
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therapeutic interventions
- learn to recognize S/S
- combination of meds & therapies to tx maladaptive response
- causes of anxiety
- teach new coping skills also s
- *systemic desensitization- removing stressor
- *flooding- exposing pt to fearded objects
- relaxation tech.
- meds include- benzodiazepines, antidepressants, anithistamines, propranolol
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