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Scienceteacher
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What is the outer layer of Earth's surface called? It is made of rock.
Crust
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What is Earth's interior called? It is the center layer and it is Earth's hottest layer.
Core
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What is hot, soft rock from Earth's mantle?
Magma
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What is a mountain formed of lava and ash?
Volcano
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What is the layer of rock beneath Earth's crust called? It is very hot so part of this layer is soft rock like melted candy.
Mantle
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What are rigid blocks of crust and upper mantle rock? There are 12 major blocks in all that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle.
Plates
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What is a shaking of the ground caused by the sudden release of energy in Earth's crust?
Earthquake
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What are breaks, or places where pieces of the crust move?
Faults
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What is the theory of how Earth's continents move over its surface?
Continental Drift
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According to Plate Tectonics, about 225 million years ago all of the Earth's land was one supercontinent called _________.
Pangea
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After Pangea broke into two big continents, the northern continent was called_________________ and contained land that became North America and Eurasia (Europe and Asia).
Laurasia
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What was the name given to all of the land in the southern hemisphere when Pangea broke into two?
Gondwana
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What are remains or traces of past life found in sedimentary rock?
Fossils
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What are scientists who study fossils to learn about life of the past called?
Paleontologists
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What sensitive equipment on a satellite can measure bulges from space and this imaging discovered many volcanoes, mountain ranges and other landforms under the Pacific Ocean?
Gravity Imaging
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What can scrape away the tops of mountains, and are made when more snow falls than melts?
Glaciers
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What are physical features on Earth's surface called?
Landforms
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What is the process of breaking rock into soil, sand, and other sediment? Water, wind, ice are a few causes of this.
Weathering
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What is the process of moving sediment from one place to another?
Erosion
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What is the process of dropping or depositing sediment in a new location?
Deposition
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What is the downhill movement of rock and soil because of gravity?
Mass Movement
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This is a type of mass movement that occurs slowly because of gravity. Soil moves slowly downhill.
Creep
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What is a large hole in the ground that opens suddenly when rock under the surface has dissolved or become weak?
Sinkhole
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This type of mass movement moves dry soil. The soil falls suddenly to the bottom of the hill.
Landslide
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This type of mass movement can change landforms quickly. They move wet soil that falls suddenly downhill.
mudslides
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