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Emotions
- Emotions are a mix of 1) physiological activation, 2) expressive behaviors, and 3) conscious
- experience.
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The controversy when dealing with evaluating Emotion are
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James-Lange Theory
William James and Carl Lange proposed that physiological activity precedes the emotional experience
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Cannon-Bard Theory
- proposed that an
- emotion-triggering stimulus and the body's arousal take place simultaneously
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During an emotional
experience, our ____ ____ ____
mobilizes energy in the body that arouses us.
autonomic nervous system
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Discuss the relationship between arousal and performance
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Name three emotions that involve similar physiological
arousal.
Many physiological responses- related to the emotions of fear, anger,
and sexual arousal are very- similar
. Yet, they look and feel different
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Describe some physiological and brain pattern indicators of
specific emotions
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The _____ shows differences in
activation during the emotions of anger and rage.
amygdala
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The role of Cognition
- An aroused state can be experienced as one emotion or
- another depending on how we interpret or label it.
- E.g.—arousal after exercise interpreted as anger in
- response to provocation
- So, arousal fuels emotion, and cognition channels or
- shapes it.
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What are some emotions not always preceeded by Cognitition
- for less complex emotions such as fear, and simple likes
- and dislikes.
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Most of us are good at deciphering emotions through___ _____ . In a crowd of faces a single angry face will “pop
out” faster than a single happy face
non-verbal communication
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women tend to read _____ ___ more accurately than men
nonverbal cues
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gestures can be ____ _____ but ____ _____ are more consistent
across cultures:
culturally-specific,facial expressions
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In _____cultures, emotional displays are often more intense and prolonged
individualistic
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speculated that our ancestors communicated with facial expressions in the absence of language.
Darwin
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facial expressions may also
reflect physical reactions that enhanced survival
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Describe some of the factors that affect our ability to decipher non-verbal cues.
experience can sensitize people to certain emotions
E.g., abused children identify angry faces more quickly than other children
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True or False
facial expressions may also reflect physical reactions that enhanced survival.
- True, Darwin speculated that our ancestors communicated with facial
- expressions in the absence of language.
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behavior feedback phenomenon.
- expressions not only communicate emotion, but they can
- amplify and regulate
emotion.
- If sad facial expressions are manipulated, like furrowing brows, people feel more sad while looking
- at sad pictures.
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Izard (1977) isolated
10 emotions. Most of
them are present in
infancy, except for ____,
_____ and _____.
contempt, shame, guilt
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People generally
describe emotions along
two dimensions—
- and arousal (high v. low).
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The _____ plays in important
role in creating fear associations in certain situations.
amygdala
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Gender
differences in coping
More boys reported walking away or working it off with- exercise
More girls reported talking with a friend, music, or- writing
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Cultural differences in anger coping
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Why isnt The catharsis hypothesis is not supported?
- —aggressive
- behavior breeds more aggressive feelings
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Instead of worrying about being wealthy to be happy one should....
Be always grateful for what you already have
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Adaptation-Level Phenomenon:
- Like the
- adaptation to brightness, volume, and touch, people adapt to income levels.
- “Satisfaction has a short half-life” (Ryan, 1999).
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Relative
Deprivation is the perception that we are relatively worse off than
those we compare ourselves with.
- is the perception that we are relatively worse off than
- those we compare ourselves with.
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