PSYC 2000 Emotion

  1. Emotions
    • Emotions are a mix of 1) physiological activation, 2) expressive behaviors, and 3) conscious
    • experience.
  2. The controversy when dealing with evaluating Emotion are
    • Does physiological

    • arousal precede or follow your emotional experience?
    • Does cognition

    • (thinking) precede emotion (feeling)?
  3. Commonsense View
    • When you become

    • happy, your heart starts beating faster. First comes conscious awareness, then
    • comes physiological activity.
  4. James-Lange Theory
    William James and Carl Lange proposed that physiological activity precedes the emotional experience
  5. Cannon-Bard Theory
    • proposed that an
    • emotion-triggering stimulus and the body's arousal take place simultaneously
  6. Two-Factor Theory
    • Stanley Schachter and

    • Jerome Singer:
    • proposed that our

    • physiology and cognitions create emotions. Emotions have two factors–physical
    • arousal and cognitive label.
  7. During an emotional
    experience, our
    ____ ____ ____
    mobilizes energy in the body that arouses us.

    autonomic nervous system
  8. Discuss the relationship between arousal and performance
    • Arousal in short

    • spurts is adaptive. We perform better under moderate arousal, but optimal
    • performance varies with task difficulty.
  9. Name three emotions that involve similar physiological
    arousal.
    • Many physiological responses

    • related to the emotions of fear, anger, and sexual arousal are very
    • similar.
    • Yet, they look and feel different

  10. Describe some physiological and brain pattern indicators of
    specific emotions
    • The amygdala shows differences in activation during the emotions of

    • anger and rage. Activity of the left
    • hemisphere (happy) is different from the right
    • (depressed) for emotions.
  11. The _____ shows differences in
    activation during the emotions of anger and rage.
    amygdala
  12. The role of Cognition
    • An aroused state can be experienced as one emotion or
    • another depending on how we interpret or label it.

    • E.g.—arousal after exercise interpreted as anger in
    • response to provocation

    • So, arousal fuels emotion, and cognition channels or
    • shapes it.
  13. What are some emotions not always preceeded by Cognitition
    • for less complex emotions such as fear, and simple likes
    • and dislikes.
  14. Most of us are good at deciphering emotions through___ _____ . In a crowd of faces a single angry face will “pop
    out” faster than a single happy face
    non-verbal communication
  15. women tend to read _____ ___ more accurately than men
    nonverbal cues
  16. gestures can be ____ _____ but ____ _____ are more consistent
    across cultures:
    culturally-specific,facial expressions
  17. In _____cultures, emotional displays are often more intense and prolonged
    individualistic
  18. speculated that our ancestors communicated with facial expressions in the absence of language.
    Darwin
  19. facial expressions may also
    reflect physical reactions that enhanced survival
  20. Describe some of the factors that affect our ability to decipher non-verbal cues.
    experience can sensitize people to certain emotions

    E.g., abused children identify angry faces more quickly than other children
  21. True or False
    facial expressions may also reflect physical reactions that enhanced survival.
    • True, Darwin speculated that our ancestors communicated with facial
    • expressions in the absence of language.
  22. behavior feedback phenomenon.
    • expressions not only communicate emotion, but they can
    • amplify and regulate emotion.

    • If sad facial expressions are manipulated, like furrowing brows, people feel more sad while looking
    • at sad pictures.
  23. Izard (1977) isolated
    10 emotions.
    Most of

    them are present in
    infancy, except for ____,

    _____ and _____.

    contempt, shame, guilt
  24. People generally
    describe
    emotions along

    two dimensions—

    • valence (pleasant v.

    • unpleasant)

    • and arousal (high v. low).
  25. The _____ plays in important
    role in creating fear associations in
    certain situations.
    amygdala
  26. Gender
    differences in coping
    • More boys reported walking away or working it off with

    • exercise
    • More girls reported talking with a friend, music, or

    • writing
  27. Cultural differences in anger coping

    • Individualized cultures tend to encourage people to vent

    • anger
    • Communal cultures tend to see anger as a threat to group

    • harmony
  28. Why isnt The catharsis hypothesis is not supported?

    • —aggressive
    • behavior breeds more aggressive feelings
  29. Instead of worrying about being wealthy to be happy one should....
    Be always grateful for what you already have
  30. Adaptation-Level Phenomenon:

    • Like the
    • adaptation to brightness, volume, and touch, people adapt to income levels.
    • “Satisfaction has a short half-life” (Ryan, 1999).
  31. Relative
    Deprivation
    is the perception that we are relatively worse off than
    those we compare ourselves with.
    • is the perception that we are relatively worse off than
    • those we compare ourselves with.
Author
ndumas2
ID
26200
Card Set
PSYC 2000 Emotion
Description
Emotion pt 1
Updated