Science - Unit 1 Space Chapter 7

scientist who studies astronomy (7.1)

any object that exists in space (7.1)

i.e. planets, stars

the turning of an object around an imaginary axis running though it (7.1)

eg. Earth's rotation around its axis is 24h

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• the time it takes for an object to orbit another object (7.1)

eg. Earth's revolution around the Sun is 365.24 days

the brightness of a star as seen from Earth (7.2)

the brightness of a star from equal distances,

Measured on a stellar magnitude scale which goes from -26 (Sun) to over 6 in magnitude

a smaller group of stars that form patterns within a constellation (7.2)

e.g. Orions's belt in Orion

Constellations that are visible all year round (7.2)

a group of stars that seem to form a distinctive pattern in the sky (7.2)

i.e. Orion, Ursa Major, etc.

the distance that light travels in one year, about 9.5 trillion km (7.2)

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• stars that are used to pinpoint other areas or constellations in the sky (7.2)

Constellations you would see if you looked straight up (7.2)

the phenomenon in which the full Moon passes into Earth's shadow (7.3)

the phenomenon in which the shadow of the Moon falls on Earth's surface (7.3)

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• the monthly progression of changes in the apperance of the Moon that result from different portions of the Moon's sunlit side being visible from Earth (7.3)

the rising and falling of ocean waters caused by the Moon and Earth's gravity (7.3)

the average distance between Earth and the Sun, about 150 million km (7.4)

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• a model of the solar system stating that Earth is the centre of all planetary morion, with the planets and the Sun travelling in perfect circles around Earth (7.4)

a model of the solar system in which the Sun is in the centre with the planets orbiting it (7.4)

an object that orbits one or more stars (and is not a star itself), is spherical and does not share its orbit with another object (7.4)

eg. Earth, Mars, Jupiter, etc.

a planet who's orbit lies within the asteroid belt (7.4)

e.g. Earth, Mars, etc.

A planet who's orbit lies outside of the asteroid belt (7.4)

e.g. neptune, saturn, etc.

third planet from the sun, the densest planet in the solar system and is made up of 3/4 water, inner planet (7.4)

it is the fifth and largest planet in the solar system, outer planet, it is a gas giant (7.4)

fourth from the sun and second smallest planet in the solar system, inner planet, mostly made of iron with thin athmosphere (7.4)

smallest and closest to the sun, surface has immense cracks and wide ranges in temperature, inner planet (7.4)

outermost planet and the third most massive, thin ring made of ice particles, dark blue colour, outer planet (7.4)

large rings made of ice particles, mainly composed of hydrogen and helium, sixth from the sun and second largest, outer planet (7.4)

fourth largest, gas giant, seventh from the sun, has thin ring and is flipped on side so rolls through orbit, outer planet (7.4)

second planet from the sun, sulfuric acid rain in athmosphere, significantly hot, inner planet (7.4)

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• the movement of an object in the sky (usually a planet) from east to west, rather than its normal motion from west to east; this effect is generally produced when Earth is passing a planet in its orbit (7.4)

a group of planets that circle one or more stars (7.4)

the average distance between the Sun and an object that is orbiting the Sun (7.4)

an object in space that ranges in size, most asteroids originate in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter  (7.5)

an object composed of rocky material, ice and gas; comes from the Kuiper Belt or Oort Cloud (7.5)

is a meteoroid that is large enough to pass through Earth's atmosphere and reach the ground without being totally burned up (7.5)

a meteoroid that hits Earth's atmosphere and burns up (7.5)

a piece of rock moving through space (7.5)

an object that circles the Sun beyond the orbit of Neptune (7.5)