micro ch 7

  1. name some normal flora locations
    • anything in a mucous membrane
    • eye
    • outer ear
    • nose
    • mouth
    • stomach
    • small and large intestines
    • vagina
    • urethra
    • skin
  2. name some locations where it is sterile (no normal flora)
    • brain
    • bloodstream
    • anything inside, in body cavity
  3. what are some predisposing factors?
    • short urethra in female
    • inherited traits
    • climate and weather
    • fatigue
    • age
    • lifestyle (smoking, etc)
    • chemotherapy
    • diabetes
    • cancer patient
    • physical and mental stress
  4. What is the "lethal dose"?
    how much toxin it takes to kill 50% of population (LD50)
  5. What is the "infective dose"?
    minimum number of microbes required for infection to proceed (ID50)
  6. What is needed for an infection to occur?
    • infectious dose
    • portal of entry
    • way of invasion, passing through
    • must invade host defense barrier (surrounds sterile compartment)
    • portal of exit (to go and spread to other hosts)
  7. what is the source of an exotoxin?
    mostly gram +
  8. exotoxins are products of what?
    by-products of growing cell
  9. what are exotoxins made of?
    proteins
  10. do exotoxins cause fever?
    no
  11. can exotoxins be neutralized by antitoxin?
    yes
  12. what is the LD50 of an exotoxin?
    small
  13. what is the source of an endotoxin?
    mostly gram -
  14. endotoxins - metabolic product
    present in LPS of outer membrane
  15. what are endotoxins made of?
    lipid
  16. do endotoxins cause fever?
    yes
  17. can endotoxins be neutralized by antitoxin?
    no
  18. what is the LD50 of an endotoxin?
    relatively large
  19. what does LD50 mean?
    lethal dose, amount it takes to kill 50% of population (test area)
  20. what are some mechanisms of adhesion for bacteria?
    • fimbrae, flagella
    • cilia, suckers, hooks, barbs
    • hydrophilic (nonspecific)
    • van der Waals forces
    • adhesion proteins (specific)
    • host cell receptor sites
Author
stef1208
ID
26127
Card Set
micro ch 7
Description
micro ch 7
Updated