Anatomy Ch.1 2 of 2

Cephalon, Cephalic, area of head

Cervicis, Cervical, area of the neck

Thoracis, Thoracic, The chest

Brachium, Brachial, The segment of the upper limb closest to the trunk; the arm.

Antebrachium, Antebrachial, The forearm

Carpus, Carpal, The wrist

Manus, Manual, The hand

Abdomen, Abdominal, The abdomen

Pelvis, Pelvic, The pelvis (in general)

Pubis, Pubic, The anterior pelvis

Inguen, Inguinal, The groin (crease between thigh and trunk).

Lumbus, Lumbar, The lower back

Gluteus, Gluteal, The buttock

Femur, Femoral, The thigh

Patella, Patellar, The kneecap

Crus, Crural, The leg, from knee to ankle

Sura, Sural, The calf

Tarsus, Tarsal, The ankle

Pes, Pedal, The foot

Planta, plantar, sole region of foot

• the front; before.
• The navel on the anterior surface of the trunk.

• The belly side (equivalent to anterior when referring to human body).
• The navel is on the ventral surface.

• The back; behind.
• The scapula (SHoulder blade) is located posterior to the rib cage.

• The back (equivalent to posterior when referring to human body).
• The scapula (Shoulder blade) is located Dorsal side of the body.

• Toward the head.
• The cranial, or cephalic, border of the pelvis is superior to the thigh.

Same as cranial.

Above; at a higher level (in the human body, toward the head).

• Toward the tail (coccyx in humans).
• The hips are cuadal to the waist.

• Below; at a lower level; toward the feet.
• The knees are inferior to the hips.

• Toward the midline (the longitudinal axis of the body).
• The medial surfaces of the thighs may be in contact.

• Away from the midline (the longitudinal axis of the body).
• The femur articulates with the lateral surface of the pelvis.

• Toward the attached base.
• The thigh is proximal to the foot.

• Away from the attached base.
• The fingers are distal to the wrist.

• At, near, or relitively close to the body surface.
• The skin is superficial to underlying structures.

• Toward the interior of the body; farther from the surface.
• The bone of the thigh is deep t the surrounding skeletal muscles.

or coelom, contains organs of the respiratory, cardiovascular,digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.

a domeshapedmuscular sheet, separates the ventral body cavity into a superior thoraciccavity, enclosed by the chest wall, and an inferior abdominopelvic cavity, enclosedby the abdominal wall and pelvis.

Contains the lungs and heart, associated organs of the respiratory,cardiovascular, and lymphoid systems, as well as the thymus and inferiorportions of the esophagus.

Each pleural cavity contains a lung.

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a small chamber that surrounds the heart.

The serous membrane covering the heart is called the pericardium(peri-, around + kardia, heart). The layer covering the heart is the visceral pericardium, and the opposing surface is the parietal pericardium.

A person lying down in the anatomical position may be supine (face up) or prone (face down).

There are three sectional planes: frontal plane or coronal plane (anterior versusposterior), sagittal plane (right versus left sides), and transverse plane (superior versus inferior). These sectional planes and related reference termsdescribe relationships between the parts of the three-dimensional human body.

protect delicate organs and permit changes in the size and shapeof visceral organs. The ventral body cavity,,or coelom, surrounds organs of therespiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.

divides the ventral body cavity into the superior thoracic andinferior abdominopelvic cavities.

extends from the inferior surface of the diaphragm to animaginary line drawn from the inferior surface of the most inferior spinalvertebra to the anterior and superior margin of the pelvic girdle. The portion ofthe ventral body cavity inferior to this imaginary line is the pelvic cavity.

contains narrow, fluid-filled spaces lined by a serousmembrane. The thoracic cavity contains two pleural cavities (each surroundinga lung) separated by the mediastinum.

contains the thymus, trachea, esophagus, blood vessels, andthe pericardial cavity, which surrounds the heart. The membrane lining the pleural cavities is called the pleura; the membrane lining the pericardial cavity iscalled the pericardium.

contains the peritoneal cavity, which is lined bythe peritoneum.Many digestive organs are supported and stabilized by mesenteries.

which can provide detailed informationabout internal systems, include x-rays, CT scans, MRI, and ultrasound. Physicians who perform and analyze these procedures are called radiologists.