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Congenital hip Dislocation (dysplasia)
- Shallow acetabulum causes femoral head to slide upward. Joint capsule remains intact but stretched
- 80% of pts are female
- usually found as infants.
- easily treatable in newborns, if left untreated, hip will continue to deterioate
- can lead to OA
- possibly caused by the increase in hormone during pregnancy, can pass over placenta to baby
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Legg-Calve-Perthes (Coxa Plans)
- Common in boys age 4-10
- interruption of the blood supply to the femoral head causing it to deteriorate and die
- within months the blood supply will return and create cells which can begin to rebuild the bone over 2-4 yrs
- Pt will present with loss of hip motion and limp
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Symptoms of Legg-Calve Perthes (Coxa Plana)
- Knee pain
- limited hip ROM
- limp
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Angle of Torsion
- Angle between shaft and neck of femur
- Normally head and neck rotated outward 15-25 degrees from shaft
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Increase Angle of Torsion
Anteversion
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Decrease Angle of Torsion
Retroversion
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ITBand Syndrome
- overuse injury that caused lat knee pain
- repeated friction of the band that slides over that lat femoral epicondyle during knee motion
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ITBand syndrome is commonly seen in
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Angle of Inclination
- Angle between shaft and neck of femur
- Normally 125 degrees
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Coxa Valga
- neck shaft angle greater than 125
- tends to make the limb longer, placing hip in adducted position during WB
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Coxa Vara
- Neck shaft angle less than 125
- makes limb shorter leading to pelvic drop on WB side
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Hip Pointer
- Occurs at pelvis
- Severe bruise caused by direct trauma to iliac crest of the pelvis
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Causes of hip pointer
- bleeding into abdominal muscles
- Pain- when walking, laughing, coughing, breathing deeply
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