Bio Ch. 1 Intro Lec Notes

The study of the structure of the human body

the study of body function

aka morphology

The study of body structures that can be examined by the naked eye

The study of structures that are so small they can be seen only with a microscope

aka histology

This type of anatomy traces the structural changes that occur in the body throughout the life span and the effects of aging

the study of how body structures form and develop before birth

the study of shapes and markings (landmarks) on the surface of the body that reveal the underlying organs

at this structural level atoms combine to form molecules

these four classes of macromolecules are the building blocks of the structures at cellular level

these are cells functional subunits

these are the smallest living thing in the body, they are the basic living unit of all life!!

at this structural level a group of cells work together to perform a common function

list the four tissue types that make up all organs of the human body

what is the structural level where two or more tissues work together to perform one function?

This system occurs when a group of organs work closely together to perform one function

What is the highest level of organization or any living thing?

this system allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion and facial expression.  It maintains posture and produces heat

this system breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells

this system protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement.  Blood cells are formed within them and they store minerals

in this system glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use by body cells

this is the fast-acting control system of the body.  it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands

this system forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissues from injury.  it synthesizes vitamin D and houses cutaneous receptors and sweat and oil glands

in this system blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients and waste throughout the body

this system picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood.  it disposes of debris in its stream.  it houses white blood cells involved in immunity

this system keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide

this system eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body, regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood

the function of this system is production of offspring

in this position, a person stands erect with feet together and eyes forward, the palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body

toward the head end or upper part of a structure of the body; above

away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below

toward or at the front of the body; in front of

toward or at the back of the body; behind

toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

farther from the origin of a body part of the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

toward or at the body surface

away from the body surface; more internal

this plane are vertical and divide the body into right and left parts

this plane runs horizontally from right to left, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts

this plane lies vertically and divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

this plane lies exactly in the midline

this plane lies vertical but offset from the midline

these are angulated or angled away cuts made along any of the standard three planes

List the four body regions

List the three components found in the trunk

List the components found in the upper limbs

List the components found in the lower limbs

List the cavities that make up the dorsal cavity

List the cavities that make up the ventral cavities

List the three parts found in the thoracic cavity

the abdominal cavity begins and ends where?

the pelvic cavity is located where?