Transition aircraft from the low altitude environment to a point where the runway can be seen and landing can be made
Two categories of low altitude IAP:
Course reversals
Procedure tracks
Two types of course reversals are?
Procedure turn
Holding in lieu of a procedure turn (HILO PT)
Types of procedure track approaches are?
Straight-in
Arching
Teardrop
How are terminal routings displayed on approach charts?
Dashed circle labeled ENROUTE FACILITY or FEEDER FACILITY
Are terminal routings on a low altitude approach chart considered segments of the published IAP?
Yes
(T/F) Using terminal routing to an IAF and cleared for the approach, you are considered established on the approach and may descend to the published terminal routing altitude
True
With no IAF on the approach plate, how do you navigate to the FAF?
ATC will vector you to final approach course at the appropriate altitude
What must be done prior to the IAF?
WHOLDS
Weather
Holding info
Obtain clearance
Descent check
Speed 120-150
Below 3000' AGL, what should your maximum rate of descent be?
500-2000fpm
What is a procedure turn used for?
Used to reverse direction and place an aircraft inbound on the intermediate or final approach course
How are procedure turns depicted?
By a "barb" symbol
Broken descent line (profile view)
Indicates direction or side of the outbound course on which the procedure turn is normally accomplished
What is one difference between holding procedures and procedure turns?
If your heading is within 90 of the outbound procedure turn course, you can use normal lead points to intercept it
Procedure turn teardrop entries are limited to a maximum angle of ______.
30
If the procedure turn fix is a VOR or VORTAC, when are you abeam the fix?
90 off the desired outbound course
TO/FROM indicator switches
If the procedure turn fix is not over a VOR but is identified by DME, when are you abeam?
When you past the procedure turn fix DME outbound
If you cannot determine the abeam position for the procedure turn fix, when should you start timing?
Rollout wings-level on the outbound turn
(T/F) when flying a procedure turn, it is left to the pilot's discretion to determine what course to fly outbound and where to begin the course reversal.
True - complete all maneuvering, to include the course reversal turn, on or toward the maneuvering side
When applying the holding technique of course reversal, if further descent is depicted on the inbound course, when do you start the descent?
When established on the inbound segment of the IAP
When using the 45/180 procedure turn maneuver, at T6 approach speed, how many NM does it take to complete?
3.5NM
Technique, fly outbound 2.5 DME or 1 minute prior to starting course reversal
How many NM does it take to complete the 80/260 procedure turn maneuver?
2NM
Technique, fly outbound 5 DME or 2 minutes prior to starting course reversal
With an IAP that does not have a FAF, where is the FAF considered in the procedure?
When you begin your descent form the procedure turn completion altitude
When would you not execute a procedure turn?
SNERT
Straight-in approach
NoPT
Established in holding, cleared the approach, and holding course is same as procedure turn
Radar vectors
Timed approach
How are procedure tracks depicted on IAP?
Heavy black line with an arrowhead showing the flight path
How are procedure tracks depicted on IAP profile view?
An unbroken descent line
How is a holding in lieu of a procedure turn depicted in an IAP?
Holding pattern printed with a bold black line
How is a holding in lieu of a procedure turn depicted in an IAP profile view?
Outbound and inbound courses are show with two dark arrows
(T/F) You are only expected to make one orbit for approach alignment with holding in lieu of a procedure turn.
True
If holding in lieu of a procedure turn and you need to descend on the inbound leg, what must you have?
Established on the inbound segment of the IAP prior to descent
