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When in a descent and given "pilot's discretion," what does this allow?
- Begin a descent at any time, using any rate of descent
- You may level off, but once you have left an altitude you cannot return
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What airspeed must you maintain below 10,000 MSL, unless MAJCOM has approved higher?
250 KIAS
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What does the 60 to 1 rule state for altitude change?
1 of pitch change = 100'/NM
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Formula to determine descent gradient
Altitude to loose (in 100s)/DME
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Formula to determine descent rate
(GS/60) X 100 X pitch
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What is an instrument penetration?
A published instrument procedure that enables an aircraft to transition from high altitude and arrive at the airport in a position to land
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Three basic instrument penetration procedures:
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Two variations of the three basic types of penetration procedures are?
- Multiple facility approaches
- Approach with dead reckoning (DR) courses
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High altitude penetration approach common components are?
- Initial approach fix
- Course information
- Final approach fix
- Missed approach fix
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Accomplish what before the IAP?
- WHOLDS
- Weather - minimums
- Holding clearance
- Obtain approach clearance - have one?
- Letdown plate review
- Descent check
- Speed as required - holding or penetration
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If you are holding on the IAF for an approach, then cleared the approach, how would you commence the approach?
- Continue to fly the holding pattern until reaching the IAF, then start approach
- DO NOT make any additional orbits or turn inbound early
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If holding at an assigned altitude above a IAF, cleared the approach, how do you commence the approach?
- Immediately descend to published holding altitude
- Commence approach
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You are enroute to a holding fix that is not located on the IAF for the IAP when ATC clears you for an approach, what do you do?
Proceed to the IAF via the holding fix, unless ATC clears you direct to the IAF
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If you are enroute to a holding fix that is along the same route that the IAF is on for the IAP, and ATC clears you the approach, what do you do?
- Initiate the approach when crossing the IAF
- Don't overfly the IAF to the holding fix then come back to the IAF to start the approach
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Where would you find altitude restrictions on approach plates?
Profile view
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What does RADAR REQUIRED mean?
Segments of the approach are not navigable because of absence or unusability of a navigational aid
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Teardrop approaches are associated with what kind of approaches?
VOR or VORTAC
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Instrument penetration approaches are found in FLIP _____.
Terminal high altitude books
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In a non-DME teardrop approach, where is the inbound turn started?
- When reaching a specific altitude specified on the approach plate (profile view)
- Or half way between the IAF and FAF altitude
- Usually associated with VOR approaches
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On a teardrop approach, what do you do after station passage?
- Turn in the shorter direction to the outbound course and intercept
- Begin descent when past the IAF
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What is penetration speed in the T6?
200 KIAS
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When flying a non-DME teardrop approach, what pitch attitude must you maintain?
8-10 nose low
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With the speedbrake extended, how much power is required to maintain penetration airspeed? No speedbrake?
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If you are cleared for a non-DME teardrop approach from an altitude below the IAF, what must you do?
Time outbound 15 seconds/1000' below published IAF
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If you are cleared for a non-DME teardrop approach from an altitude above the IAF, what must you do?
Get cleared to descend, or hold and descend
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At what altitude do you set the inbound course on the EHSI?
1000' above penetration turn altitude
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What memory aid is used while proceeding outbound from the IAF?
- CAT
- Course
- Altimeter
- Turn direction
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Use a maximum of ____ bank to make the penetration turn inbound.
30
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(t/F) If a penetration altitude is depicted, you may descend below this altitude at a full-scale deflection.
False - do not descend below unless established- half scale deflection on EHSI
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When do you start configuring the aircraft for landing for all approaches?
- 3-5 miles prior to the FAF
- complete before landing checklist
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What are radial approaches associated with?
VORTAC facilities
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If your heading is within ___ of the approach course, you are not required to overfly the IAF.
90
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If a descent is required at the IAF of a radial approach, when can you start the descent?
Abeam, at the IAF DME, or past the IAF on a parallel or intercept heading to the approach course
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Radial/arc approach: when do the altitude restrictions apply? When can you start descending to the next altitude restriction?
- Altitude restrictions only apply while established on the associated segment
- Once lead point is reached and a turn initiated to next approach segment, you may descend
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