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0. Subject
what is being discussed in a sentence or clause
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1. Sentence
word group with subject, verb, and complete thought
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2. Modify
to describe, explain, or qualify a word
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3. Noun
- a. person, place, thing, or idea
- b. nouns name
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4. Pronoun
word that replaces a noun or another pronoun
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5. Antecedent
word replaced by a pronoun
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6. Verb
- a. (predicate) shows action or
- b. helps make a statement (linking)
- c. what is said about the subject
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7. Adjective
- a. modifies (describes) a noun or pronoun
- b. tells which one, what kind, how many
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8. Complement (completer)
completes the meaning of a sentence, clause, or phrase
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9.Direct Object
- a. a noun or pronoun that usually follows an action verb
- b. receives or shows result of action
- c.answers the "what?" or "whom?"
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10. Indirect Object
- a. noun or pronoun that follows an action verb
- b. precedes the direct object
- c. answers "to whom?/for whom?" or "to what?/for what?"
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11. Object Complement
- a. noun or adjective that follows a direct object
- b. renames or modifies (describes) the direct object
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12. Predicate Nominative
- a. noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb
- b. renames the subject
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13. Predicate Adjective
- a. adjective that follows a linking verb
- b. modifies (describes) the subject
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14. Conjunction
joins words or word groups
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15. Adverb
- a. modifies (describes) a verb, adjective, or another adverb
- b. tells how, where, when, why, how much (to what extent)
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16. Preposition
- a. word that relates a noun or pronoun (the object) to another word
- b. BAT (before, behind, at, after, to, toward, etc.)
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17. Object of the Preposition
the noun or pronoun that a preposition relates to another word
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18. Interjection
sudden exclamation
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19. Phrase
- a. word group WITHOUT subject and verb
- b. cannot stand alone
- c. functions as a single part of speech
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20. Appositive
- a. a noun or pronoun that (usually) follows another noun or pronoun
- b. identifies or explains it
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21.Verbal
- a. a word that looks like a verb but isn't
- b. gerund, infinitive, participle
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22. Verbal Phrase
a verbal plus complements and modifiers
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23. Gerund
verbal noun that ends in -ing
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24. Participle
- a. vebal adjective
- b. present ends in -ing
- c. past generally ends in -d, -ed, -n, -en, or -t (dent ned)
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25. Infinitive
- a. verb preceded by to
- b. function as a noun or modifier (adjective/adverb)
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26. Clause
- a. word group WITH subject and verb
- b. independent has subject, verb, complete thought
- c. subordinate (dependent) has subject, verb, but NO complete thought
- d.subordinate functions as a single part of speech
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27. Relative Pronoun
- a. begins a noun or adjective clause
- b. who, whom, whose, which, that, what (and their other forms)
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28. subordinating Conjunction
- a. begins an adverb clause (beware--- some also function as prepositions)
- b. (ABSUW) as soon as before since until
- when although because so that unless
- where ETC.
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29.S----V----C Diagram
- NADA
- DO
- IO/DO
- (ACTION) DO/OC
- S-----------------V---------------------------------
- (LINKING) PN
- PA
- (adverbial)
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30. Goal Post Chart
- 8 POS NFS COMPS
- N SUB DO
- PRO DO IO
- VER IO OC
- ADJ OC PN
- ADV PN PA
- PREP OBJ (adverbials)
- INT APP
- CON completer
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