-
_______ blood returns to heart via ______ ______
-
Deoxygenated blood pumped to ________ via _____ _____
-
_____ blood returns to _____ via pulmonary veins
-
Describe coronary circulation
- left main coronary artery
- right main coronary artery
left main coronary artery divides into circumflex and left anterior descending
-
Left anterior descending (LAD) supplies the _____ and _____ _____
-
If LAD is blocked a majority of the _____ _____ will become ischemic
left ventricle
-
Right coronary artery (RCA) supplies the _____ _____ and _____ _____. It also becomes the _____ _____ _____. RCA supplies blood to the _____ _____ and _____ _____.
- right atrium
- right ventricle
- posterior descending artery
- sinus node
- atrioventricular node
-
Coronary veins deposits blood directly into the _____ _____.
right atria
-
The cells of the heart have unique properties including _____ _____ and _____.
- automaticity
- excitability
- contractility
-
The strength of cardiac contraction
-
Influence on the heart rate
Chronotropy
-
Dromotropy
the excitability or willingness of the hear to conduct an impulse
-
Without _____ _____ the heart may lose up to 25% of cardiac output.
atrial kick
-
Action Potential
Phase 4 _____
Phase 0 _____ moves inside cell
Phase 1 sodium moves _____ of the cell
Phase 2 _____ moves in
Phase 3 _____ moves _____
- resting
- sodium
- out
- calcium
- calcium; out
-
During this time the cells of the heart are not able to respond to stimulus
absolute refractory period
-
Explain relative refractory period
A small period of time when the heart cells may respond to electrical stimulus if it is of sufficient size
-
The sinus node is innervated by the _____ and _____ nervous system.
- sympathetic
- parasympathetic
-
Slows down conduction to allow for atrial kick
atrioventricular node
-
Acts as secondary pacemaker for the heart
atrioventricular node
-
The primary pacemaker that controls the heart
sinus node
-
Capable of acting as the third and final pacemaker site
purkinje network
-
Traveling toward positive lead results in a _____ deflection
Traveling away from positive lead results in a _____ deflection
- upright (positive)
- negative
-
P-R interval
- 0.12-0.2 seconds long
- 3-5 small boxes
-
p wave represents
atrial depolarization
-
qrs complex
depolarization of right and left ventricles
-
-
-
t wave
repolarization of ventricles
-
Five steps to reading ecg
- 1. rate
- 2. rhythm
- 3. p waves (y or n)
- 4. p-r interval
- 5. qrs complex
-
normal qrs complex
- <0.12 seconds
- < 3 small boxes
-
If p-r interval is prolonged a _____ exists
block
-
Inferior infarction
Leads II, III, aVF
-
Septal infarction
Leads V1, V2
-
Anterior infarction
Leads V3, V4
-
Lateral infarction
Leads I, aVL, V5, V6
-
I-lateral aVR V1-septal V4-anterior
II-inferior aVL-lateral V2-septal V5-lateral
III- inferior aVF-inferior V3-anterior V6-lateral
LII-LI-SSAALL
- Lateral-I
- Inferior-II
- Inferior-III
- ----------------------
- Lateral-aVL
- Inferior-aVF
- -----------------------
- Septal-V1
- Septal-V2
- Anterior-V3
- Anterior-V4
- Lateral-V5
- Lateral-V6
LII-LI-SSAALL
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