-
name 5 things that can cause damage to lines and equipment
storms; vehicle accidents, third party dig ins; animal contacts; and equipment failures
-
is the line energized or de energized when doing damage repair
de energized
-
name 5 pieces of new equipment that power companies install to improve the operation of the system; is the line energized or de energized when installing equipment
transformers; switches; line reclosers; capacitors; and voltage regulators; energized
-
9 errors that can occur because of operating error
the incorrect switch, breaker, or disconnect is closed or open, the incorrect device is disabled or enabled, the incorrect line or piece of equipment is cleared or energized, ppg are installed on a energized line or piece of equipment; a piece of equipment or a device is operated in the wrong sequence; circuit loops are paralleled in an out of phase condition
-
what key document must be reviewed in order to determine the sequence of the operations, when preparing switching order
maps and diagrams
-
an operation center is the ______ _____ from which operation of the system is conducted.
central point
-
maintenance in the industry is referred to as replacing ______ facilities
deteriorated
-
the systems operator is responsible for controlling the ____ of _____ in a system
flow of power
-
when is the only time the line will be de energized while preforming line work
damage work
-
describe a usual method to accomplish moving existing lines or structures a short distance to accommodate projects such as highway widening or bridge installation
a new line is built along the new route. the new line is energized and the power flow is routed through the line. the existing line is de energized and removed.
-
name 3 types of projects that would be done to increase the capacity of a line
converting single phase lines to 3 phase; converting the system to a higher voltage; increasing the conductor size
-
as a general rule when clearing lines and equipment there are 3 main objectives; what are they
assure safety of those working on line. minimize the impact to reliability and capacity of system; minimize the number of customers who will be out of service.
-
these switches are gang operated and all phases can be visually confirmed as open
air switch
-
describe a standard clearance
a condition in which all potential sources of energy are isolated from work area, devices checked and locked open and tagged and grounds installed
-
what is very important to always verify after operating a switch
contact position of each phase
-
what is meant by tagging and locking
physical attachment of an approved visible tag on or near the device that has been opened for use as a clearance point
-
tag's may be attached in several manners, in general the tag is installed as close to the ______ _____ or point of operation as possible
operating handle
-
list 3 visual open devices
flying bells, open jumpers; air switches
-
list two non visual open devices
reclosers CSP transformer
-
a _____ ____ clearance is always recommended and required by many companies
visual open clearance
-
what are 3 common errors that have occurred when operating lines and equipment
clearing the wrong line, line section or piece of equipment; failing to clear the line, line section or piece of equipment from all possible energy sources; foreign objects of accidents
-
what does switching order refer to
a planned sequence of actions or steps that are followed to accomplish some operation of the system such as clearing a line, transferring load, restoring service
-
power systems are controlled by _____ ______ who works in a ______ ______
system operator; operation center
-
what 3 things do a system operator know
which lines are de energized; amount of power that is being consumed; system voltage and load.
-
name 6 areas of work on existing lines
damage repair; connection new lines and equipment; disconnecting lines and equipment; increase the capacity of existing lines and equipment; relocation of lines and equipment; replace deteriorated facilities
-
5 reasons why we clear lines and equipment
maintenance work on tap lines; storm work; trans structure replacement; changing out substation equipment; replace URD
-
define line clearance
formally recognized condition of a line that has been de energized
-
define clearance point
any device, connector or open point used to isolate the line or equipment
-
what is a visual clearance point
is when the open is in plain view (a gang operated switch or cut out) not required by OSHA, but always recommended and required by many companies.
-
standard clearance
line de energized, devices checked and locked, open and tagged, and grounds installed. people will be working on the cleared line.
-
safety clearance
line shut off, but no visual open or grounding, people will not be working on cleared line, used to eliminate induction problem on near by lines clearance, or to eliminate possibility of accidental contact.
-
gang operated switch
common clearance point; creates visual open for each phase that must be verified
-
single blade disconnect
creates a visual open
-
line reclosers
contacts open inside tank; not visual open
-
open jumper
creates visual open point
-
open in line sectionalizers
creates visual open point; examples include; flying bells; line openers
-
what is the key task that is commonly preformed when clearing lines and equipment and operation the system
operation of switches
-
locking
opens rendered inoperable, and tagged; visual opens are established for clearance points
-
where should a tag be placed
as close as possible to operation handle
-
tagging means
the physical attachment of an approved visible tag on or near the device that has been opened for use as a clearance point
-
what are a key document a lineman and the system operator use
switching orders
-
SCADA
supervisor control and data acquisition
|
|
