Human Anatomy

Fascial Nerve (CN VII)

Tonus closes oral fissure; phasic contraction compresses and protrudes lips (kissing) or resists distension (when blowing)

Fascial Nerve (CN VII)

Part of dilators of mouth; elevate labial commissure-bilaterally to smile (happiness); unilaterally to sneer (disdain)

Fascial Nerve (CN VII)

Part of dilators of mouth; retract (elevate) and/or evert upper lip; deepen nasolabial sulcus (showing sadness)

Fascial Nerve (CN VII)

Closes eyelids; palpebral part does so gently; orbital part tightly (winking)

Fascial Nerve (CN VII)

Part of dilators of mouth; depresses labial commissure bilaterally to frown (sadness)

Fascial Nerve (CN VII)

Part dilators of mouth; retracts (depresses) and/or exerts lower lip (pouting, sadness)

Fascial Nerve (CN VII)

Presses cheek against molar teeth; works with tongue to keep food between occlusal surfaces and out of oral vestibule; resists distension (when blowing)

Fascial Nerve (CN VII)

Elevates and protrudes lower lip; elevates skin of chin (showing doubt)

Fascial Nerve (CN VII)

Depresses mandible (against resistance); tenses skin of inferior face and neck (conveying tension and stress)

Triangular muscle with broad attachment to floor of temporal fossa and deep surface of temporal fascia

Narrow attachment to tip and medial surface of coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible

Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3)

Elevates mandible, closing jaws; posterior, more horizontal fibers are 1st restractors of mandible

Quadrate muscle attaching to inferior border and medial surface of maxillary process of zygomatic bone and the zygomatic arch

Angle and lateral surface of ramus of mandible

Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3)

Elevates mandible, closing jaws; superficial fibers make limited contribution to protrusion of mandible

Triangular two-headed muscle from 1) infratemporal surface and crest of greater wing of sphenoid and 2) lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

Upper head attachments primarily to joint capsule and articular disc of TMJ; inferior head attaches primarily to pterygoid fovea on anteromedial aspect of neck and condyloid process of madible

Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3)

Acting bilaterally, protracts mandible and depresses chin; acting unilaterally, swings jaw toward contralateral side; alternate unilateral contraction produces larger lateral chewing movements

Quadrangular two-headed muscle from 1) medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate and pyramidal process of palatine bone and 2) tuberosity of maxilla

Medial surface of ramus of mandible, inferior to mandibular foramen;

Anterior trunk of mandibular nerve (CN V3), via medial pterygoid nerve

Acts synergistically with masseter to elevate mandible; contributes to protrusion; alternate unilateral activity produces smaller grinding movements

Lateral Surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line

Sternal Head: Anterior surface of manubrium of sternum; Clavicular Head: Superior surface of medial thrid of clavicle

Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN XI, motor); C2 and C3 nerves (pain and proprioception)

Unilateral Contraction: Tilts head to same side and rotates it so face is turned superiorly toward opposite side. Bilateral Contraction: 1) Extends neck at atlanto-occipital joints; 2) flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approaches manubrim; 3) Extends superior cervical vertebrae so chin is thrust forward with head kept level; With cervical vertebrae fixed, may elevate manubrim and medial ends of clavicle, assisting in pump-hanle action of deep respiration (That's a whole lot of crap!)

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C5-C7;

External Border of 2nd rib

Anterior Rami of cervical spinal nerves C7 and C8

Flexes neck laterally; elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C5-C7;

Superior surface of 1st rib, posterior to groove for sublcavian artery

Anterior Rami of cervical spinal nerves

Flexes neck laterally; elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration

Transverse processes of C3-C6

1st rib

Cervial spinal nerves C4-C6

Flexes head

Superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch

Inferior border of hyoid

C1 - C3, by a branch of ansa cervicalis

Depresses, retracts and steadies hyoid