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Characteristics of staph
- Produces pus
- Virulent
- Easily survives heat, drying and many chemicals
- Survive several months in dried pus and sputnum
- More antibiotic resistance developing
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What is any staph infection called?
An abscess
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Product of staph that destroys blood cells and tissue
Toxins
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Main cause of death from staph infection
Due to blood cell destruction
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Proteins that disrupt the cell membranes of tissues and WBCs
Cytolytic toxin
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Proteins that stimulate intestinal muscle contraction, yielding nausea with intense vomiting.
Enterotoxin
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Toxin proteins easily absorbed into the blood stream
TSS- toxic shock syndrome toxin
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Proteins that dissolves epidermal desmosomes causing skin cells to slough
Exfolitive toxin
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Reddening of the skin, beginning near the mouth, spreading over the entire body followed by blisters filled with clear fluid
SSS- scalded skin syndrome
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List 5 staph skin infections
- TSS
- SSS
- Boils (furuncles)
- Carbuncles
- Abscesses
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Staph traveling through the body will affect other what?
Organs and tissues (can shut down the kidneys)
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What causes impetigo contagiosa?
Staph, strep or both
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Charact of impetigo contagiosa:
- Highly communicable
- Skin lesions are pus filled with bacteria and WBCs in them
- Lesions will become dark and encrusted
- May leave scarring
- Treated with topical antibiotics
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Toxins traveling through the blood or tissue yielding infections in other area
Systemic infections
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Name 5 systemic infections
Endocarditis, menengitis, encephalitis, cystitis and nephritis.
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Staph septicemia
Staph bacteria and toxins in the blood stream
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Two ways septicemia may be acquired
- 1) primary- staph is directly injected into the blood
- 2) secondary- staph leaks into the blood from another infection (tooth)
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Two forms of staph septicemia:
- Rapid progression- profound toxemia with death within a few days
- Slow progression- most frequent. Spreads slowly throughout the body
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What is staphylococcal food poising caused by?
Symptoms?
- Staph. aureus
- (also called enteritis and enterocolitis)
- Symptoms appear within 2-4 hours and may last up to 48 with profuse diarrhea and vomiting
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Staphylococcal food poisoning is caused by what?
Toxins
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Staphylococcal food poisoning transmissions include:
- Handled foods
- Sneezing upon food
- Improper refrigeration
- Undercooking food
- Foods at room temp too long
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Caused by strep, staph and diphtheria.
TSS - toxic shock syndrome
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TSS disease course
- Incubates in 12-24 hrs
- Sudden onset high fever, vomiting and diarrhea
- BP begins to drop
- SSS may occur
- Disorientation
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A collection of symptoms
Syndrome
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Name 7 forms of resistant staph aureus
- mrsa- methicillin
- vrsa- vancomycin
- irsa- intermediate
- ca-mrsa- community aquired
- E-mrsa- epidemic
- lrsa- linazolid
- visa- vancomycin intermediate
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What is varicella?
MRSA + chicken pox
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Strep throat with a red rash is called?
Scarlet fevet
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What age does scarlet fever mostly effect?
12 & under
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What group is scarlet fever in?
Group A strep
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Strep throat transmissions:
- Nose and throat secretions from carrier
- Pus from contaminated lesion
- Fomites
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