1472 - - The Theory of the New Planests- Reconcile of the geometric model of planetary motion by using gepcentric celestial sphere model
Nicolas Copernicus
1437, 1543 - Innitial appearance of the Heliocentric universe - Challenge to Ptomely's Geocentric Theory
Girliano Frocasto (1475-1553)
1530 - Describes new disease in "Syphilis or the French Disease"
Otto Brunfel
1530-36 - - Publishes Portraits of the Living Plants - Botanical work with direct observational evidence instead of existing account
Peter Apian
1532 - Observes the tail of Halley's Come
Andreas Vesalius
- 1543 "De Fabrica" - On the Fabric of the human body
- Critisized the writings of the authority of Gaelen as the supreme physician - Subsituted observation with fresh evidence from the disection of corpses.
Girolumo Cardano
1545 - Publishes "The Great Art"
- Many algebraic innovations and new methods for treating equations in the third degree
Erasmus Reinhold (1511-1553)
1551 - Publishes his Pretenic Tables
- Became the standard set of tables for calculating the movement of planetary bodies
Michael Servetus
1553 - Publishes a radical new theory about the pulminary system of the blood
- Religously based education was the basis for his efforts - guilty of heresy and burned at the stake in Genevo
Georgius Agricola
1556 - Presents a world called "De re Metallic" a detailed scientific texts on mining and metallurgy.
Realdo Colombo (1510 - 1559)
1559 - Anatomist writes "De re Anatomica" (On anatomy) - treats pulminary circulation like Vesalius as a naturally caused occurance against Gaelan's Theories.
Gabriele Falloppio
1561 - Announces the discovery of the fallopian tubes in his book "Anatomical Observations"
Gerard Merator
1569 - Publishes his famous cartographic projection system. It was the beginning of the ability to produce large scale maps.
Tycho
1572 - Tycho's Star - Observation of Supernova thoughout Europe.
1573 - Tycho publishes a book called "De Nova Stella"
- Discussed and analyzed the nature of this event
Thomas Digges
1576 - An early account of Copernicus's theory in English thinker Thomas Digges
- Shows the spread and influence of Copernicus
Tycho
1577 - Comet discovered by Tycho
- Challenged Aristotle's theory of the shape and form of the Earth
Pope Gregory XIII
1582 - Suggested reforming the Caesarian calendar - leads Catholic Europe away from the old Julian calendar
Conrad Gezner
1587 - Publishes "The History of Animals" (Zoology)
Thomas Harriot
1588 - Writes and publishes his account of his travels to the New World
- Explains the features of this world
- Brings those wonderful new experiences to people who can never get there
Francous Viète
1591 - Mathematician who publishes his introduction to the Analytical Art (Geometry)
- Introduced Islamic numerical notation
Tycho Broche
1599 - Resident scientist to the Holy Roman Emporor, Rudolph II
William Gilbert
1600 - Publishes a work "On the Magnet"
- Imperical study on the nature of magnets and magnitism
Johonnes Kepler
1604 - "The Optical Parts of Astronomy"
- Aurgued that light rays are rectilinear and diminish in intensity in inverse proportion (square) of the distance travelled
Gallileo Gallilei (1564-1642)
1607 - demonstrates that projectiles describe a parabolic path
Telescope is invented int the Netherlands
1608
Gallileo's telescope
1609 - Gallileo constructs his 1rst telescope
Kepler showed that Mars orbits non-uniformly
1609
Thomas Harriot builds a telescope in England - obsereves and notes the Moon's surface
1609
Kepler describes his third law of motion
1619
Peirre Gassendi (1592-1677)
1624 - Opposed the teaching of Scholasticism and argued for "mitigated scepticism" concerning natural philosophy - empirical (senses) experimentation methods as opposed to mere observation and conclusions.
Issac Newton (1642-1727) - builds his first reflecting telescope
1669
Newton's 1rst major publication in which he studies philosophical transactions - establishes experiments about light and other optical experiments
1672
Newton publishes "The Mathmatical Principles of Natural Philosophy"
- Established the foundational principles of mechanics - ideas such as force, mass, acceleration - 3 laws of Motion and principle gravitation
1687
Leibniz
1700 - Organizes and establishes the Berlin Academy of Science