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hypnotics treat what?
sleep disorders
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anxiolytics treat what?
anxiety
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hypnotics and anxiolytics are mostly from what groups?
- serotonine agonists
- benzodiazapenes
(diazepan, from the same group, treats SZ by potentiating GABA's inhib effect)
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benzodiazapenes treat anxiety and sleep disorders how? (real basic)
enhance GABA mediated inhibition in the CNS
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neuroleptics - treat what?
psychosis, schizo, esp auditory hallucinations, behavioral disturbances
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neuroleptics - basic mechanism/type of drug
dopamine receptor antagonist
-
two mechanisms for anti-depressants
inhibit uptake of noradrenaline & serotonine
inhibit monomine oxidase
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imipramine - type of drug? use?
-
a drug that inhibits uptake of serotonine and noradrenaline
imipramine - it's a tri-cyclic antidepressant
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mineralocorticoides - type of corticosteroid released by adrenal cortex -- the main one? the main activity?
- aldosterone
- salt retention
-
glucocorticoides - type of corticosteroid released by adrenal cortex -- the main one? the 2 main activities?
- cortisol
- affect carb and protein metabolism,
- suppress inflam, allergies, immune responses
-
3 glucocorticoids (an cortisol is a 4th? or the below are variations of cortisol?)
- Hydrocortisone,
- Prednisolone,
- Dexamethasone
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hydrocortisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone -- type of hormone? what metabolic effect?
glucocorticoid
stim gluconeogenesis, increase blood glucose --> insulin release
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hydrocortisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone -- type of hormone? what anti-inflam effect?
glucocorticoid
inhibit formation of pro-inflam mediators (prostaglandins & leukotrienes)
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hydrocortisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone -- type of hormone? what immunosuppresive effect?
glucocorticoid
- inhibit T & B lymphocyte function
- decrease macrophages and lymphoctes
-
sulphonylure
oral anti-diabetic -- stronger than tolbutamide
-
tolbutamide
oral anti-diabetic -- weaker than sulphonylure
-
insulin preparations - short, med, long
- short acting up to 7 h,
- medium acting up to 22h - semilente and lente mixture with zinc,
- long acting up to 36h - ultralente
- mixture with insoluble zinc crystals
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thyroid gland secretes T3 &T4 -names?
responsible for what?
- T3 = triiodothyronine
- T4 = thyroxin
- optimal growth, development, function and maintenance of
- body tissues
-
calcitonin - produced where? regulates what?
- parafollicular cells
- calcium metabolism
-
synthesis of T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxin) requires what?
iodine
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Grave's disease = hyperthyroidism -- treated with __ and __
-
thianomides - treats what? how?
- treats graves/hyperthyroidism
- block process of organification (iodine reacting w tyrosine to form...)
-
propranolol - treats what _ _ _
- hyperthyroidsm/grave's
- HTN
- high HR
-
hypothyroidism aka
myxoedema
-
2 drugs to treat hypothyroidism aka myxoedema
- thyroxine (T3)
- liothyronine (oral) (sodium salt of T4)
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