The flashcards below were created by user
enclough
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
What causes death?
- The failure of one system can cause failure of next
- Ending in lack of brain function
-
What clues may be found at a scene of a mysterious death that may help determine the cause of death?
- vomit
- blood
- fingerprints
- DNA
- saliva
- bite marks
- bullets
- poison
-
If someone was interested in a carrier with responsibility to determine the cause of death, what careers should be considered and investigated?
- Forensic Pathologist: medical doctor that primarily does autopsies and determine cause of death
- Toxicologist: PhD who tests body fluids for presence of toxins and medications to help determine cause of death
- Coroner: Elected official that works with police and helps decide whether to have autopsy and whether a crime has been committed
-
Urinary System
place for pee
- kidneys
- ureters
- bladder
- urethra
-
Nervous System
full of nerves
- brain
- spinal cord
- peripheral nerves
- sense organs
-
Endocrine System
secrete within
- pancreas
- thymus
- thyroid
- pituitary
- pineal gland
- adrenal glands- towards kidneysovaries/testes
-
Digestive System
- teeth/tongue
- salivary gland
- pharynx
- esophagus
- stomach
- small intestine
- large intestine
- rectum
- liver
- gallbladder
-
Respiratory
- nasal cavity
- pharynx
- larynx
- trachea
- alveoli
-
Cardiac System
- atria
- ventricles
- veins
- venules
- arteries
- arterioles
- capillaries
- erythrocytes
-
immune system
- bone marrow
- thymus
- spleen
- lymph nodes
- tonsils
- leukocytes
- appendix
-
Urinary system does what?
filters waste out of blood, removing cellular waste from all systems
-
Nervous system does what?
tells other systems what to do via electrical signals
-
Endocrine system does what?
secretes hormone that signal other systems to do things
-
Digestive systems does what?
absorbs nutrients to feel other systems
-
Respiratory system does what?
brings in oxygen needs by all cells and removes carbon dioxide waste
-
Cardiovascular system does what?
transportation system- bring nutrients, hormones, O2 to all systems, carries waste away
-
Immune system does what?
protects us by preventing, trapping and killing pathogens
-
Skeletal system does what?
provides structural support, protects soft organs, makes blood cells
-
urinary malfunction
- waste build up
- kidney failure
-
nervous system malfunction
paralysis, Parkinsons, epilepsy
-
endocrine system malfunction
gigantism, thyroid disorders, clotting disorders
-
digestive system malfunction
celiac disease, crones disease, can interfere with absorption of nutrients
-
respiratory system malfunction
cystic fibrosis or infections from fluid build up
-
cardiovascular system malfunction
vision loss or limb loss
-
immune system malfunction
inability to fight diseases
-
skeletal system malfnction
can't fight disease, can circulate blood
-
what is a system?
- parts that work together to do a job
- in the case of the body, similar cells make up tissues and the tissues form organs
-
what is an autopsy?
a medical examiner opens up the body cavities, weighs and examines organs, extracts fluids,
-
how can an autopsy be used to describe the cause of death?
post mortem
-
when can patient confidentially be broken?
- under 18
- medical release form
- suspected abuse
-
what is a gene?
a segment of a chromosome and is made of DNA
-
what is the DNA code?
codes for the production of one protein
-
what is the connection between genes and proteins?
each protein determines one trait. our genes determine our hereditary.
-
how are proteins produced in a cell? TRANSCRIPTION
- RNA polymerase transcribes the DNA in the nucleus of the cell
- DNA is unwound
- RNA transcribes DNA into mRNA
-
how are proteins produced in a cell? TRANSLATION
- mRNA travels to the cytoplasm
- ribosomes translate the mRNA using tRNA
- each tRNA molecule brings one amino acid to the mRNA until a long string is
- made
-
how does the sequence of nucleotides in DNA determine the sequence of amino acids in a protein?
- nucleotides in DNA are transcribed into mRNA
- RNA contains uracil
- tRNA attaches the correct amino acid for each codon
- each chain of amino acids formed is a protein
-
what determines the shape of a protein?
primary structure (sequence) of amino acids
-
is the shape of a protein affected by its surrounding environment?
- proteins fold differently based on if they are in an aqueous solution (mostly water) such as blood, or a lipid
- when in water, the hydrophilic bits are on the outside
-
if the DNA code is changed, does the shape of a protein change?
not necessarily
-
can changing just one nucleotide in a gene change the shape of a protein?
yes
-
is it possible to design proteins that have specific characteristics?
yes. thats what genetic engineers do.
-
how are proteins designed?
-
what is a feed back mechanism?
when one thing happens in response to another
-
in what ways do negative and positive feedback differ?
- positive feedback: creates a larger and larger response until something major happens-growth
- negative feedback:trigger response in a correction in order to keep balance- blood pressure
-
why is having too much sugar in the blood bad?
means that energy is not reaching the cells
-
what might happen to cells that are exposed to high concentration of sugar?
- thickens the blood, causes less flow
- stresses cardiovascular system
- high blood pressure
- poor circulation
-
what is the role of insulin in our body?
gets sugar to the cells
-
how does insulin accomplish its job?
opens door of cell for glucose
-
what is diabetes?
- type 1: never produces insulin
- type 2: cells object insulin
-
treatments for type 1 and type 2 diabetes
- type 1: insulin
- type 2: lifestyle change
-
nutrients identified on food labels
- serving size
- calories
- total fat
- saturated fat
- trans fat
- unsaturated fat
- cholesterol
- sodium
- total carbs
- fiber
- sugar
- starch
- protein
-
how is the amount of energy in a food determined?
calorimentry
-
what is the role of a chemical bond in energy transfers?
energy is released when a chemical bond is broken
-
what is the basic structure of all matter?
- all matter is made up of atoms
- different kinds of atom are called elements
- atoms form bonds to make compounds
- a compound in which the atoms share electrons are called a covalent bond
-
what is a chemical reaction?
- when a molecule forms from atoms coming together or when the bonds between the atoms are broken
- energy change: it will glow and/or heat will be adsorbed
- color change: a new color will show up
- odor change: a smell will be given off
- precipitate: a solid will form from 2 liquids
- gas produced: a gas will be given off
-
what is the relationship between nutrients, food, chemical reactions, and energy?
- food is made of nutrients and nutrients are made of molecules
- molecules are broken down through chemical reactions, giving off energy
-
why is water balance such an important factor in maintaining homeostasis?
keeping fluid levels constant in body
-
are sports drinks a valuable tool in maintaining homeostasis?
no, most people do not need to extra sugar or salt
|
|