Unit 7A- Memory Vocab.txt

the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information

the processing of information in the memory system, getting information into our brain

the retention of encoded information over time, retaining information

the process of getting information out of memory storage, getting information out of the head

modern model of memory which views memory as emerging from interconnected neural networks

the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system

activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten

the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences.

a newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory

the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously; the brain’s natural mode of information processing for many functions. Contrasts with the step-by-step serial processing of most computer and of conscious problem solving

the conscious repetition of information, either yo maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage

the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice

testing is good at helping you learn, not just assessing

our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list

recalling more recent events better

remembering the first in a list better

the encoding of picture images

the encoding of sound, especially the sound of words

the encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words

remembering descriptions given about yourself

mental pictures; a powerful aid to effortful processing, especially when combined with semantic encoding

forgetting the non-important parts and remembering the semantic/strong feeling parts of a memory

memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices

associating two words together

organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically

a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second

a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 to 4 seconds

an increase in a synapse’s firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. Believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory.

a neural protein that can switch genes off or on

a neurotransmitter that enhances synaptic communication

the eerie sense that “I’ve experienced this before.” Cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retrieval of an earlier experience or parallel processing is not in sync

When experiencing a situation associated with a certain emotion, we are more likely to remember the memory when feeling the same emotion

the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one’s current good or bad mood

inattention to details leads to encoding failure

storage decay over time

inaccessibility of stored information (it’s on the tip of my tongue)

confusing the source of information (remembering a dream as real life)

the lingering effects of misinformation (an outside source creates false memories)

belief colored recollections/ viewing events by the way you feel now

unwanted memories

the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information

the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information

in psychoanalytic theory (Freud), the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings and memories

incorporating misleading information into one;s memory of an event

imagining nonexistent actions and events that create false memories

attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined. Source amnesia, along with the misinformation effect is at the heart of many false memories. We retain the memory of the event, but not the context in which we required it.