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Justinian
- *ruled the east roman empire
- *He had a wife and was in love with her THEODORA, after she dies he didnt had anyone else.
- *Created a new legal code. IURIS CURPUS CIVILS(body of civilization).
- it was 500 pgs.
- Based on Reasonable and equantity
- *He created the HAGIA & SOPHIA (holy wisdom) cathedral.
- inside there was a gold dome, 100ft from the floor.
- had mosaics of gold, silver & iron
- he tries to reconquer all the west of the roman empire, but he coulndt.
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MOHAMMED
- THE PERFECT Man
- He was from the QURAYSH CLAN
- He became Orphan very young
- he was ILLITERATE(didnt knew how to read or write)
- he was a camel driver
- The TRUST wORTHY ONE
- he had a wife,6 daugthers
- at 40 he becomes to question himslef/ he goes to a cave/
- where ANGEL GABRIEL APPEARS TO MUHAMMED/ is send by ALLAH/ "RECITE THE NAME OF YOUR LORD"/
- he wrote the QUARAN
- his followers were persecutid by MELLA people
- He moves to medina ( THE HITTAH)(when muslim calander starts)
- HE also writed the HADITH (the sayings of muhammed"the perfect man")
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IBAN SINA (MEDICINE)
- First person to do AUTOPSIES
- He wrote a medical encyclopedia (THE CANON)
- 99 volumes
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RAZI
- He invented, the MEDICAL stiches, made of animal GUTS he was the only one to diffence between two sickness. -the Measles -small pox
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SHARIA
- WHATEVER THAT LEADS TO SINS, IS ALSO SINFUL.
- mislims believed that the bible was corrupt and the QUara is the only right bible.
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HARUN AL-RASHID
CALIPH
- He lived in a palace with 1000 rooms/ furniture with gold and silver/ 1000 concubines
- he wrote the ARABIAN NIGHTS:
- *Aladin/Genie/ 3 wishes/alibaba & 40 thiefs/ flying carpet
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AL-GHAZALI
PHILOSOPHER
- he wrote THE INCOHERENCE OF THE PHILOSOPHERS
- he hate aristotle/if you read aristotle, then you were atheist
- "NO LAWAS OF NATURE"
he said its all caused the will of god - muslims belive what he say and burne aristotle and other greeks writing
- he tells people that there is no laws of nature.
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Clovis
- KING CLOVIS, he worship German Gods
- he was the king of france
- he becomes catholic, during a battle he says that if gob is real, then help him win a battle, which he wins
- he takes 3000 soldiers into the RHEiMS CATHEDRAL, and baptise them.
- He founs the MEROVIGIAN DYNASTY
- whe he died the land he own got divided into 3 qutrs, one for each of his sons
- the land keep dividing after ever son and so on.
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Charlamagne
- son of pepin the short
- 4 wifes, 5 comcubines, 20 kids
- he conquered Switzerland, spain, Belgium, holand.
- he wanted to make the germans catholic, so he enters Germany (SAXONS) 19 times, he burns the crops and after the last time, the saxons conver to catholics.
- On Christmas he goes to the churc, the pope was waithing form him, he puts a crown on his head, and the pope tells hima that he is the EMPERROR OF THE ROMANS.
- **middle ages ended in the christmas day**
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Gregory VII
- pope that faught kings.
- he told king Henry to stop doing LAY INVESTITURE
- the king deposed hims as pope, and then He deposed and EXCOMMUNICATED (go to hell) king Henry
- He makes king Henry wait for him in the snow/ 3 days
- He forgives king Henry and tell him to stop with the Lay Ivestiture
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Frederick Barbosa
- German king. he was Athiest.
- he build Toll Roads.
- The MINT COINS (make coins)
- he conquer Italy
- he starts to do Lay Investiture again
- *he sends threats & nasty letters to the pope.
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Waldo - Peter Walo
- From France, Lyon
- considered a Heretic
- he was reading the bible and discoer that jesus was poor, so he decides to live in APOSTOLIC POVERTY.
- he goes from place to place preaching
- WALDENSIANS were his followers
- They EXCOMMUNICATE him, because preaching was their job
- Waldo is mad, and calls the church a house of liesHe and his follorwers hide in the ALPS, they still there.
- 1. He translated the old testament to french
- 2. against death penalty
- 3 against Sinear oaths
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CATHARY (Bringers of light )
- appear in south France, TOOLOUSE
- he believed in Dualism
- Heretics
- they dont eath animals, no product of animals, and no sexual relationships./ ONLY A FEW FOLLOW THESE RULES> PERFECTI follow these rules.
- they believe in bad and good God. Lucifer, was bad for creating the physical world, and he traps the angels soul in humans.
- the God good is JEHOVAH, he creates the spirtual World and he send Jesus Christ. he came and free the soul of the Angels
- they believe Jesus didnt have a body he had a PHANTOM
- they didnt hide their opinion, and they committed suicide to leave this world
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Francis of Assis
- born in Italy, in Assis
- son of a wealthy guy, not religious.
- he was walking by a destroy church, and hear a voice that said "repair my home". He then became very religious. cause MATTHEW 19:21his dad told him, he wasn't his song.but he said, his father was in the heaven
- his followers were the FRANCISCANS, they lived in poor conditions/they were nice to lepers
- he wanted the approval of the pope, so they could become monks.
- the become FRANCISCAN MONKS/ they spread all over Europe
- before hr dies, he gets STIGMATA (same wonds as jesus)
- becomes SAINT FRANCIS
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CATHARY 2..
- the pope send a legate to talk to them, and they killed the LEGATE
- the pope basically declares war on them.
- they had a army of knights,they knew how to fight, and they had a lot of castles
- they faught many beatles against the church
- the catharies that were caught, were ask to convert or to die, many convert to catholic/ PERFECTI were burned
- takes 25 yrs before the church destroy them
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Inquisition
- the church was afraid or new Herasy would appear, so they create inwuisition
- a traveling court, of Dominica MOnks that went city from city looking for Heretics
- if you were accused, they called you to talk to them/ you didnt get a lawer
- if you were catholic, then you would stick to your anser"no" even trough the TORTURE. if you confess, they forgive you but they put you in public humiliation
- if you got acused a 2nd time, it was automatic death, burned and torture
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GERBERT OF AURILLAC
- he was born in France and moved to spain
- he learned THE QUADRIVIUM: geometry/astronomy/Arithmetic/music
- he discover in spain the ABACUS & ARABIC NUMBERS
- he stays 3 years in spain, moves back to france to teach all these to the peope
- teacher @ a cathedral school
- he teaches the students everything he learned
- other teachers start to tech the same as him too. He become a pope/ POPE SILVESTER II
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THOMAS AQUINAS
- born in italy
- he was a quiet man
- became a DOMINICAN MONK
- he loves ARISTOTLE WRITINGS
- we wrote a book that brought reason to the catholic religion "SUMMA THE OLOOKA" 24 levels
- according to him. God has 3 characteristics: GOD IS ALL GOOD, GOD IS ALL POWERFUL, GOD IS ALL KNOWING
- he PROOFS the existing of God (5 PROOFS)
- 1 FIRST CAUSE, GOD GOT EVERYTHING STARTED
- he became an OFFICIAL THINKER, and became SAINT THOMAS AQUINAS
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ROBERT GROSSETESTE
- first modern scientist
- professor @ EXFORD OR PHYSIC
- he was a FRANCISCAN MONK
- he invented the SCIENTICS METHODS
- 1 MAKE OBSERVATION, AS YOU COLLECT DATA
- 2MAKE A HYPOTHESIS
- 3TEST YOU HYPOTHESIS
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BATTLE OF MANZIKERT
- Byz. empire against Turks
- the BYZ. walks into the valley, the Turks are at the top of the hills, so they fire arrows and pool boulders
- the BYZ. gets destroy 8,000 killed
- the king of BYZ gets caught and convert into a slave/ the turks wanted money so they could give it back
- After the Turks won these battle, there wasnt anyone else that could beat the turks, or stop them from moving east.
- They stayed 100 miles from constantinople
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MURAD I
- he conqueres half of south east europe. the people that got cought along the way became slaves.
- he is muslam
- The christians organize an army to fight him back/ their king was LAZAR OF SERVIS
- in the BATTLE OF KOSSONE, murad shows op for the battle.
- the christians were winning, but a christian general (VUK BRANKOUTCH)worked for MURAD and he made his 12k men run away form the battle
- so he won the battle.
- they land he conquer, he would choose people from there and made them SLAVE SOLDIERS and convert them to muslim
- he does Child tax, to get mose slave soldiers.
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JANISSARIES
- SLAVE SOLDIERS
- SULTAN MURAD would get the people from the land conquer for his arm
- that wasnt working, si create a CHILD TAX
- they sent collector to towns, they would choose the talles and healthies kids, and send them to the army, from 10-20 yrs 8.000 per year, for 400 years
- parent would hurt or became muslim so they wouldnt take their child
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AzTECS
- first persons to eat turkey and tomatoes
- showed up in the valley of mexico
- they build the capital city (TENOCHITIZCAN) D.F
- they created alliance, TRIPLE ALLIANCES
- they begin to conquer the whole of what is now mexico. they conquered cause they wanted people for sacrificies
- they did Human sacrifices/ so the sun shined, and the god earth would help their crops
- they eat the bodies of the sacrifiece
- they bould a new temple(doble temple)they had a 4 day ceremoney of sacrifices. 80k people die in the 4 days
- pyramid, Altars, priest, rock knife, beating heart, threw body
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Incas
- Peru, CIZCO
- they build road 13.000 miles
- they conquer ECUADOR AND BOLIVIA
- they 1st harvest potato, used cocaine, eat peanuts and hot peppers
- they huge quantity of gold and silver
- they did voluntary sacrifice/ 4 times a year sacrifice pretty kids
- emperor was the most powerful man
- NO PRIVATE PROPERTY
- people were spy/ looking for rebellion
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BLACK DEATH
- italians sealed to the black sea to sell
- they got sick and came back home. the bacteria spread all over really fast
- massive pits for the bodies
- animals came and pulled the bodies out
- 35 death rate in europe
- went away and came back 5 tiems, less people die cause IMMUNITY
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BUBOMMIC PLAGIE:
- from the fleas that transfer to people from rats/ they bite you high fever, began to bleed from your nose
- they got purple patches in the skin.
- gigantic boils( arm pits, private parts)
- if you could explote the boil and the liquid out, you could survive
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DNGUMANIC PLAGUE
- the AIR BORNE (caughfing, sneasing)
- spead in the air
- you will die in 12 hrs frm getting sick
- 99.9 death rate
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John WYCLIFFE
- he was a pries 2 oxford universit
- he thought that #1 authority was good. Church taught it was the pope
- he translated the BIBLE TO ENGLISH
- he didnt believe in TRANSUBSTANTIATION, he taught it was just simbolic
- he was able to teach due to his connections, but he got fired later
- he said the POPE IS ANTICHRIST
- he die in beth and not executed
- conside heretic
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JAn HUS
- influenced by JOHN
- liven in CZECH REPUBLIC
- proffesor and priest @ university of praque
- he fall in love with JOHN writings
- the did belive in TRANSUBSANTIATION
- he was concerned of INDULGENCES
- the pope EXCOMMUNICATED HIM because he critic that he sold indulgences to pay for the war against naples
- his followers were hussties/ they proteste with signs against indulengences./they get arreste and 3 got BEHECIDED
- he hide, the church tell him to come to the COUNCIL OF CONSTAIVCE
- they give him a SAFE CONDUCT
- gets arrested and send to DUNGEON
- the church wants him to conver, but he doesnt
- he get burned "oh jesus have mercy of my soul"
- the hussites still there
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INDULGENCES
sold by the church to get more money
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MEHMET II
- sultan of turke
- decided to destroy constantinople
- collects a arm of 110 k men and canon balls of 600lbs
- he is muslim
- they attacked, took a rest, and attack again
- they enter the city, and destoy everything/ took people as slaves
- walk into the HAGIA SOPHIA and gives the order to destroy the corees
- makes the Cathedral a MOSQUE
- a muslim place of worship
- THE END OF THE LAST ROMAN CITY
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