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jessi126
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The Federal Food, Drug,
and Cosmetic Act (what does this do?)
Focuses on regulatingMANUFACTURERS of food, drugs & cosmetics
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Which government agencythat is responsible for drug abuse prevention and enforcement?
DEA
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Controlled substance
schedules (what type of drug is placed in each schedule?)
- Schedule I—No accepted medicaluse; illegal to possess. Examples: heroin, LSD, Quaalude, amphetamines.
- Schedule II—Severe restrictions;high potential for abuse. Examples: morphine, cocaine, cannabis, Percodan.
- Schedule III—Accepted use;moderate to low physical and high psychological dependence. Examples: Tylenolwith codeine, paregoric, anabolic steroids.
- Schedule IV—Accepted for use; lowpotential for abuse. Examples: Librium, Valium, Darvon, Tranxene, Xanax.
- Schedule V—Accepted for use; lowpotential for abuse; drug mixtures that contain limited amounts of narcotics.
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Which medication orders cannot be phoned into the pharmacy?
- Orders for ScheduleII drugs cannot be phoned in except in an absolute emergency, and writtenprescription must be delivered to the pharmacy within 72 hours. Prescriptioncannot be refilled.
- Schedule III, IV, andVdrugs may be prescribed by phone or written and refilled up to five times in a6-month period.
- In some states ScheduleV drugs can be dispensed by the pharmacist without a physicianprescription.
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When a medication is administered in a physician’s office, what is the best method of identifying the patient?
Name, last name date of birth
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After identifying the patient always check for the drug and the environment before administering any medication.
- 1. When removing the drug from the storage site
- 2. Just before dispensing the medication from the container
- 3. When replacing the container or before discarding it
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What route of administration is used pediatric allergy testing?
Intradermal the back is preferred for young kids because of the open back space
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Which needle gauge should be use to give an intramuscular injection?
20 to 23 gauge
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Which needle gauge should be use to give a subcutaneous injection?
25 to 26 gauge
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Physicians registered todispense controlled drugs are required by law to maintain an inventory of thedrugs. The inventory must be maintained for how many years after the date of registration?
Renew registrationcertification every 3 years have record keeping for two years.
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When a physician prescribes a drug for a geriatric patient what factors would be taken into consideration?
- Aging patients are
- more sensitive to effects of drugs because:
- Ø Metabolic rate slows
- with aging causing susceptibility to accumulated effects and toxic reactions
- Ø Loss of subcutaneous
- fat may affect parenteral routes of administration
- Ø Accompanying
- circulatory, liver, and kidney diseases may affect distribution, metabolism,
- and excretion of medications
- Ø Many aging patients
- are ordered multiple drugs, which increases the risk of drug interactions and
- contraindications
- Ø Poor diet may affect
- drug therapy
- Ø May not be able to
- afford medications
- Ø Clearly write
- instructions for medication therapy.
- Ø Monitor patient for
- swallowing difficulty.
- Ø Encourage patient to
- drink plenty of water.
- Ø Reinforce that patient
- take medication as ordered.
- Ø Request that patient
- bring all medications currently taking to the office visit and keep accurate
- records
- of each.
- Ø Suggest patient use
- the same pharmacy for all prescriptions.
- Ø Suggest use of daily
- or weekly pill dispensers.
- Ø Encourage patients not
- to save or share medication.
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When a physician prescribes a drug for a pediatric patient what factors would be taken into consideration?
Pediatricspecial precautions are necessary because of alterations in absorption,distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs.
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A medication that hasbeen proven to cause harm to the developing fetus is in which pregnancy category?
Pregnancy category D
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Which is the primaryorgan for drug metabolism?
Liver
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What facts are trueabout a drug’s brand name on a medication label?
The drug brand name is capitalized and bold its copyright protected and the generic name is lowercase.
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What should the medical assistant do first when a medication error occurs?
Recognize the errorthat was made
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What essentialmedication administration guidelines should the medical assistant follow?
- MA must clearlyunderstand the medication, dose, strength, and route of administration for thedrug ordered by the physician.
- Once the order is clarified, look up the drug in the PDR.
- A drug should not be given until the MA knows the purpose,potential side effects, precautions, and recommended dose.
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What are the guidelines for medication storage?
Store meds as directed in package
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Why do healthcare providers receive a 2 step TB skin test?
To be really sure that they don’t have tb
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When a liquid oral medication is poured, it is important to?
Pour it at eye level
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When giving an adult subcutaneous injection, you should not injectmore than _____ mL into subcutaneous tissue?
2ml
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The shaft of the needle attaches to the hub at the?
HILT
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The preferred site for intramuscular injections in infants andchildren is?
Vastus lateralis
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A correctly administered intradermal TB skin test produces a?
wheal
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While giving an intramuscular injection, the medical assistant inadvertently aspirates blood into the syringe. Which is the mostappropriate next step?
Withdraw the needle completely
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While cleaning out the drug cupboard, the medical assistant discovers two medication containers with tablets inside but without identifying drug labels. Which is the most appropriate next step?
two workeds must be present to witness someone through the medicationin the toilet or sink
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What steps are followed after administering a TB skin test?.
Tell the patient no to scratch or mess where the shot was given because they can give a false positive reading
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What factors that affect the drug dosage?What is the purpose of a prescription?
Age weight state of health and what other drug the patient is taking
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One of the primary purposes of the prescription label
is to provide the patient with clear instructions on how to take the medication.
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What are the parts of a
prescription, and what is in each part?
- Superscription: Patient's name andaddress, the date, and the symbol Rx (for the Latin “recipe,” meaning “take”)
- Inscription: Main part of theprescription; name of the drug, dosage form, and strength Subscription: Directions for thepharmacist; size of each dose, amount to be dispensed, and the form of the drugsuch as tablets or capsules
- Signature: Directions for thepatient; usually preceded by the symbol Sig: (for the Latin “signa,”meaning “mark”). The physician writes instructions for the label that tell thepatient how, when, and in what quantities to use the medication.
- Refill information: May be regulated byfederal law if drug is a controlled substance; must write number of timesrefill is allowed.
Physician signature: Must include manual signature of the physician and DEA number when indicated
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What are the rules for managing
controlled substances in the ambulatory care environment?
Must have accuraterecord on the purchase and management of the scheduled drugs in the ambulatorycare setting. Those records must be kept separated from the patients record for2 years and must be available for inspection by the dea at all time there mustbe documentation of every dispense and administered controlled substance includingnumber of dose and med name before and after med is dispense. Count the med documentand signed by 2 employs.
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Anesthetic
-produce local anesthesia
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Hypnotic
induces sleep ;lessen the activity in the brain
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Sedative-
used to treat sleepdissorders
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anticonvulsant-
treat epilepsy andother neurologic disorders
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anticholinergic-
parasympathetic blocking agents;reduce spasms in mooth muscles
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antidepressant –
treats depresion
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antidiarrheal-
used for diarrhea of undetermin causes
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antiarrhythmics-
are used to treat abnormal heart rhythms resulting from irregular electricalactivity of the heart
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anticoagulants-
delay or blockclothing of blood
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antipyretics-
lower body temperature
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analgesics-
relieves pain
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antitussives
inhibits the cough center
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decongestants-
relieve local congestion in the tissue
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antihistamines-
relieves allergies;prevent gastric ulcers
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antiemetics-
prevents and relieve nausea and vomiting ;manages motion sickness
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antidotes -
a medicine taken orgiven to counteract a particular poison
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antibiotics-
kill or inhibit growth of microorganisms
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hypoglycemic-
Lowering the concentration of glucose in theblood:
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diuretics-
increases urinary output ;lower blood pressure
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adrenergics-
stop superficial bleeding; raise and sustain blood pressure; relieve nasal congestionand relieveredness, burning irritation and dryness of the eyes
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