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Natural preservatives?
- Salt- bacon, pickles - rock, sea
- Sugar-jam, sweets- beet,cane
- Vinegar- pickles, chutney- fermentation
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Artificial preservatives?
- Sulphur Dioxide - E220-sausages, fruit juice
- Sorbic acid E200-soft fruit, yoghurt
- Both made in labs
- Not permitted in baby foods
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Functions of preservatives?
- Prevents spoilage by preventing microbial growth
- Extends shelf life
- Prevents food poisoning
- Reduces waste
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Antioxidants E300-399
Natural?
- Ascorbic acid-fruit drinks-fruit and veg
-
Artificial antioxidants?
- BHA ( e320) stock cubesBHT (e321) chewing gum
- Both made in labsNot permitted in baby foods
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Functions of antioxidants?
Prevents oxidation where food is spoiled by reacting with oxygen
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Physical Conditioning agents? e400-499
Emulsifiers?
- Lecithin-mayonnaise-eggsTo make permanent emulsions
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Stabilisers?
- Guar gum e412 - confectionary-guar plant
- To stabilise emulsions by thickening them
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Polyphosphates?
- Magnesium carbonate-cake mixes-labTo prevent lumping
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Pectin e440?
- jams/jellies-fruit cell wallTo set mixtures eg jam
-
Humectants?
- Sweeteners- confectionary,sweets,cakes-lichen(fungus)They absorb water vapour from air and keep foods moist
-
Flavourings? No E numbers
Natural?
- Sugar-jam,cereals-cane/beetAdds flavour
- Salt-cheese,butter-sodium chlorideAdds flavour
- Spices/herbs-sauces,meat products-roots,seeds,leavesReplaces flavour lost in processing
-
Artificial flavourings?
- Ethyl acetate-rum flavourEnhances food flavouring
- e600-699 flavour enhancers egg monosodium glutamate(msg)(e621) found in Chinese food,soup,sauces.Enhances food flavour
-
Sweeteners? e900-999
Natural?
- Fructose/sucrose-biscuits,cakes-fruitSweetens
-
Artificial sweeteners?
- Aspartame e952 - diet drinks
- Used in low cal food and drink to sweeten
-
Bulk sweeteners?
- Sorbitol-sugarfree foods-lichens(fungus)mannitol e965-sugarfree gum-lichens
- Sweetens it
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What are nutritive additives?
Nutrients added to food during manufacture
fortifies food-fortified food
-
Functions of nutritive additives?
- Replaces nutrients lost in food processing
- Increases nutritional value
- Increases sales
- to imitate another food eg tvp meat
-
Advantages of nutritive additives?
- Increases shelf life
- Prevents waste
- More appetising
- Improved taste
- Improved texture
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