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a. people from a higher ses apply to more colleges and get into more.
correlation between ses and college attendance
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rivh vs. poor
races between schools
one is better the other in terms of objects
inequalities between school systems
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What are the factors that influence educational performance?
- level of intelligence
- social facotrs
- peer relations
- social class
- home relations
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a process of decline in the influence of religion. although modern societies have become increasingly secularized, tracing the extent of secularization is a complex matter. secularization can refer to levels of involvement with religious organizations (such as rates of church attendance), the social and material influence wielded by religious organizations, and the degree to which people hold religious beliefs. (peter berger)
secularization
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values, norms, and material goods characteristic of a given group. Like the
concept of society, the notion of culture is widely used in sociology and the
other
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the protestant reformation emphasized a disciplined work ethic, and a rational orientation for life.
weberian thesis-protestant ethic.
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Who helped develop a conflict view?
Man makes religion: religion does
not make man…The religious world is but the reflex of the real world…Religion
is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the sentiment of a heartless world, and
the soul of soulless conditions. It is
the opium of the people….”
Man
makes religion: religion does not make man…The religious world is but the
reflex of the real world…Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the
sentiment of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people….
marx
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religion is a system of beliefs, symbols, rituals
based on some sacred or supernatural realm-the sacred includes elements that inspire awe, respect, and fear. people become apart of the sacred by completing some ritual.
that guides human behavior
gives meaning to life.
and unites believers into a community.
durkheim and religion functionalist approach.
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religion offers peple meaning and purpose for their lives.
religion gives people certain ultimate values and ends to hold in common.
these values and ends help a society function as an integrated social system.
integrative function of religion.
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ancient societies personlized hostile natural forces
people need a father figure to feel secure
gods are invented because people need them, not because there is evidence of one.
freud's view of religion as illusion
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webber differentiated between "church and sect"
sect- purer and more demanding form of religion
involves costs- sacrifices and behaviors that stigmatize and isolate from the world.
sectarian religious groups
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anti-modern in many beliefs
strict codes of morality and conduct
clear distinction between right ad wrong
infallibility of religious text
militant stance toward "non-believer:
fundamentalism
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