Anatomy Lecture 3, 4

Are groups of similar cells and extracellular products that carry out a common function

The study of tissues and their relationships.

Composed of one or more layers of closely packed cells between two compartments having different components.

Surface exposed either to the external environment or to some internal body space.

Surface where the epithelium is attached to the underlying connective tissue

Flat, wide, and somewhat irregular in shape.  The nucleus looks like a flattened disc.  Arranged like irregular, flatten floor tiles.

About as tall as they are wide.  Do not resemble perfect "cubes" (don't have square edges).  Nucleus is spherical and located within the center of the cell.

Slender and taller than they are wide.  The cells look like a group of columns.  Nucleus=oval and near the basal region of cell.

• Single layer of flat cells, look like a "fried egg" from the surface.
• Tends to be in places where rapid exchange occurs.

• Single layer of "cube like" cells..
• Tends to absorb fluids and other substances across its membrane.

Single layer that is "column like".  Nucleus=near basal region

Function is absorption and secretion

Multiple layers, basal layers tend to be more cuboidal in shape.

• Keratinized ex: skin
• Non keratinized ex: Esophagus

Multiple layered cells

Found in large ducts and exocrine glands

Multiple Layered cells column like

It is rare, found in places like the male urethra.

Single layered cells that vary in height--this pseudo.  Look columnar, but not.

• Looks vary whether tissue is stretched or relaxed.  Some may have two nuclei . 
• Found in places like the urinary bladder.

Either individual cells or multicellular cells that mainly have Epithelial tissue.

Mean "germ, or sprout"

• Basically, these cells are immature and undeveloped.
• Also, these cells may create.

Means cell is mature.

One that breaks or breaks something else.

Designed to support, protect, and bind organs.

Most diverse type of tissue.

Comprised of ground substance(non-living material) and protein fibers.

Long, extracellular fibers that have the protein collagen. 

The are flexible, strong and do not stretch easily. 

The arrangement of these fibers allow them to withstand high force (one direction).

Stretchy, wavy, have many branches.  Made of elastin. 

Contained in organs like the lungs, skin etc because they allow these organs to return to original form.

Interwoven and branching fibers that are flexible, but strong.  Help support organ structure and prevent damage to blood vessels when strained.

Contains viscous gel and immature protein fibers.  The cells are spindle shaped. 

Is the source of all other connective tissue and is used to repair damaged tissue.

Has less cells than dense connective tissue and the proteins are loosely arranged.  Used for spacing between organs and also provides cushioning for those organs.

Vascular, gel like, protein filled connective tissue. 

Is the subcutaneous layer of skin and surrounds organs.

fat cells that are highly compact.

Has more protein fibers and less ground substance.

Has compact collagen fibers that are parallel and wavy.  Seen in tendons and ligaments.

Randomly arranged collagen fibers, can withstand impact from all directions and thus durable.  Found in the dermis, organs, etc.

Has lots of elastic fibers that branch frequently (allows stretching).

Found in elastic arteries, true vocal cords, etc.

Has a firm, gel-like extracellular matrix.

The strongest and most durable connective tissue.

Cell that creates cartilage.

The space where chondrocytes occupy.

Looks glassy, has chondrocytes in lacuna and is covered by perichondrium.

Most common cartilage, and weakest.  Found in Areas like nose, coastal cartilage (ribs), tips of bones.

Parallel collagen fibers in matrix, no perichondrium. 

• Strong, resists compression and shock.  
• Found between vertebral discs, knee joints.

Has lots of elastic fibers that mesh together and has perichondrium. 

Flexible, allowing it to retain structure. 

Found in ear, larynx, etc.