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Geographic INformation Systems
a collection of computer hardware, software, and geographic data for capturing, managing, analyzing, and displaying all forms of geographically referenced information
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What else is part of GIS
Personel
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How much of data is spatial
80%
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What data do we use in spatial system
- answer how many?
- What kind?
- Where
- Scale local to global
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How can the information be presented
words, charts, tables, graphs, and maps
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How is data orgranized
with database - collection of rows and columns which is linked to geographic location (mathematical location)
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How is the information organized
through layers
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why is gis useful
- manage data
- Visualize data
- manipulate data
- analyze data
- display data
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What types of data can be used for GIS
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Raster Data
- Grid of pixels
- Each pixel has a value
- Often maps, satellite images, aerial photos
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Vector Data
- aka features
- points (firehydrants)
- lines (roads or rivers)
- areas/polygons (around outside calculating perimeter)
- Can have attributes (ex. firehydrants conditions)
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Data can be combined
such as legal, environment, public safety, transportation, weather, business, public health
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Where do we get data for GIS
- databases (free or paid)
- digitized and scanned maps
- GPS data capture
- field sampling of attributes
- remote sensing (satellite photos)
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Uses for GIS
- emergency services (ambulance)
- enviromental management
- business
- industry
- government
- education
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