lecture notes cognition attention and such

process by which some information is selected for info and other info is discarded. only have so much of it

Simon and Chabris gorilla video is an example of inattentional blindness

-way to deal with potential info overload
-may be important to bind together different aspects of conscious perception that occur at same tiem

research shows that our attention is not _____, it moves!

-not perceived as a continuous single entity

locations on sensory surfaces

location of objects relative to the body

location of objects relative to each other

parietal lobes are considered the ____ route

what controls attention

features of stimuli are termed ____ selection processing

what the stimuli means to us are considered ____ selection, or in other word negative priming

early vs late selection depends on the ______ load

it is easier to process stimuli in terms of ____ if cognitive load is ____

if you previously ignored an object the _____ time will be ____ than if it were attended to on the second time

unattended information is held in a _____ store where it can be processed later

cocktail party effect

we can process the perceptual features of targets if _____ are very ____ from the target

attention targets are processes for _____ and ____ exposure

Hemispheric Specialization for Visual Attention :right hemisphere is more specialized for _____ processing. left side of the brain is ____ primarily

because of hemispheric specialization for visual attention, we have a tendency to ____ better to the ___ side of space

normal bias to pay more attention to left side of space

-typically parietal lobe damage
-left side of space is lost

this study showed that the ventral steam may continue to process neglected objects up to the stage of object recognition and possibly semantics.

-inability to attend to more than one object at same time 
-damage to the top of the temporal occipital lobes on both sides of the brain

-with vs. without hyperactivity
-often helped by drugs and or cognitive behavioral therapy

drugs for attention disorders

-blocks the reuptake of dopamine
-dopamine is mostly inhibitory and part of the reward system
-

-mixed amphetamines
-highly addictive
-increases dopamine, serotonin, and noreepinephrine

-some cells in hippocampus respond maximally when animal in in a certain location
-rat hippocampus stores spatial maps of the environment
-allocentric. ie. independent of animal viewpoint

right hippocampus is associated with ___ ___ vs. left hippocampus which is associated with _____ _____

experience effects for humans: the ___ grows the longer (taxi drivers) on the job
-greater volume in this area for taxi drivers
-overall brain volume was not increased, just this area
-other areas showed lower gray matter density in the taxi drivers

-link sensory and ego centric maps of space to create representations of observable environment

-stores long term representations of space that need not be presently observed or even viewpoint specific

-system of control processes needed to optimize performance
-involves attention, memory, planning, initiating, monitoring, error correction etc

inhibiting (which is an ____ function) is just as important as making decsions

factors that influence _____ - solving
-expertise (practice/experience)
-mental set (difficulty to change)
-functional fixedness

____ effects on problem solving
-top down processing

____ down influences memory, specifically what we need

problem solving is _____ specific. we need memories for them

tendency to solve problems in one particular way, even when a different approach might be more productive

a tendency to use objects/ concepts in only their customary and visual way. think of the two string problem

deep useful understanding of the nature of a difficult problem, come suddenly and without warning

-different states of resting activity
-allowing more input from visual environment
-less inhibition, lower alpha waves
-greater activity in their right hemisphere

-about 8-12 hertz, associated with low activty

brain waves associated with attention

brain waves associated with synchrony between different modules in the brain

-planning or decision making
-error correction or trouble shooting
-responses that are not well learned or contain novel sequences of actions
-dangerous or technically difficult
-when overcoming a strong habitual response or resisting temptation

prefrontal cortex is activated with ____ and ____ making

executive functioning correlates with the __ ___ cortex

there are many ___ areas of the prefrontal cortex and each seem to have a ____ task

evolutionary ideas of development of the frontal lobes are
-perhaps evolved to ____ social behavior