Anatomy final middle ear.txt

____ is a cavity inside the temporal bone

the middle ear is connected to the pharynx through the ____

___ opens to drain the middle ear cavity

__ opens in the middle ear to equalize air pressure to atmospheric

___are the smallest bones

___ transfer energy from the TM to the oval window

__ amplifies energy to inner ear

The largest ossicle that attaches to the TM

The largest part of the malleus that attaches to the incus

The 3 ossicles

___ is a long process, separated from the head by a thin neck that connects to the TM.

__ is shaped like an anvil

__ provides the intermediate communicating link of the ossicle chain

The body of the incus articulates with the head of the malleus by means of the ___ in such a way that the ___ process of the incus is nearly parallel with the manubrium of the malleus.

The short process projects___ and the long process bends____ forming the ___ process

The ___ process articulates with the stapes

__&__ move as a unit upon movement of the TM

The 3rd bone of the ossicle chain
It is also known as "stirrup"

The __ of the stapes articulates with the lenticular process of the____

The ___ of the stapes covers the oval window of the temporal bone

The smallest bone of the ossicle chain

The ___ muscles are the smallest of the human body and attach to ossicles

This muscle is embedded in the bone of the posterior wall of the middle ear

The contraction of the ___ muscle rotates the footplate of the stapes posteriorly, thereby stiffening the ossicular chain

The 2 tympanic muscles

The contraction of this muscle pulls the malleus anteromedially, thereby reducing the range of movement of the TM by placing indirect tension on it.

The ___ enters the middle ear space superior to the eustachian tube as a tendon

The___ inserts into the manubrium and the malleus

Only the tendon of the___ is found in the middle ear space; the muscle itself is found in the bone

Contraction of ___ muscles reduces the strength of the signal reaching the cochlea, potentially protecting it from damage due to high signal intensity.

Also known as the stapedial reflex

__ is triggered by loud sounds usually > 85

When the stapedius and tensor tympani stiffen the ossicle chain and reduce movement into oval window

Protects inner ear but better at lower than higher frequencies

The footplate of the stapes is attached here

__ is sealed by the secondary TM which marks the entrance into the scala tympani of the cochlea

__ is between the oval and round window

___ is a bug,e created by the basal turn of the cochlea