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physiology
the biological function of an animal.
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the biological form of an animal
anatomy
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the spaces between cells are filled with fluid, in many animals are called what?
interstitial fluid
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what are cells that are grouped with similar appearance and common function?
tissues
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different types of tissues are organized into functional units called what?
organs
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groups of organs that work together provide an additional level of organization and coordination to make up an?
organ system
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what are the signaling molecules that are broadcasted throughout the body by the endocrine system
hormones
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If an animal uses internal mechanisms to control internal change in the face of external fluctuation it is called a?
regulator
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If a animal allows environmental variables to change its internal condition with the external changes it is called a?
conformer
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the maintence of internal balance
homeostasis
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in homeostasis in animals, a value maintained for a particular variable, such as body temparture
set point
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In homeostasis, a receptor that detects a stimulus
sensor
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In feedback regulation, a fluctuation in a variable that triggers a response
stimulus
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In feedback regulation, a physiological activity triggered by a change in a variable
response
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A control mechanism that reduces the stimulus.
Negative feedback
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A control mechanism that amplifies the stimulus.
Positive Feedback
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A set of physiological changes that occur roughly every 24 hours
circadian rhythm
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the gradual process by which an animal adjusts to changes in its external environment
acclimatization
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The process by which animals maintain an internal temperature within a tolerable range.
Thermoregulation
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Animals that are warmed mostly by heat generated by metabolism
endothermic
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Animals that gain most of their heat from an external source
Ectothermic
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The outer covering of the body consisting of skin, hair and nails.
Integumentary system
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The transfer of heat between fluids that are flowing in opposite directions.In many birds and mammals.
Countercurrent Exchange
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The sensors for thermoregulation are concentrated in the brain region called the?
hypothalamus
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The overall flow of energy in an animal and also determines the nutritional needs related to the animals size,activity, and environment
Bioenergies
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The amount of energy an animal uses in a unit of time is called its?
Metabolic rate
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The minimum metabolic rate of a nongrowing endotherm that is at rest has an empty stomach, and is not experiencing stress is called the?
Basal Metabolic Rate
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The metabolic rate of a fasting, nonstressed ectotherm at rest at a particular temperature is called its?
Standard Metabolic Rate
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A physiological state of decreased activity and metabolism.
Torpor
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A long term torpor that is an adaptation to winter cold and food scarcity.
Hibernation
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Forms active interfaces with the environment external and internal surfaces of the body.
Epithelial Tissue
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Binds and supports other tissues
Connective Tissue
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Contracts, moving the parts of the body.
Muscle Tissue
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Transmits nerve impulses throughout the body
Nervous Tissue
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The two means of communication between different locations of the body.
The endocrine and nervous systems
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Purpose of the Endocrine system.
Coordination of body activities such as digestion.
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Purpose of digestive system
Food processing ex mouth
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Purpose of Circulatory System
Internal distribution of of materials Ex:heart
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Purpose of respiratory system
Gas exchange Ex:Lungs
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Purpose of the Immune system
Body defense Ex:bone marrow
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Purpose of excretory sytem
disposal of metabolic wastes and regulation of osmotic balance of blood Ex:Kidneys
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Purpose of Reproductive system
reproduction Ex:Ovaries
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Purpose of the Nervous system
Coordination of body activities, detection of stimuli and formulation of responses. Ex:Brain
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Purpose of Integumentary system
Protection against mechanical injury,infection Ex:Skin
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Purpose of Skeletal system
Body support, protection of internal organs Ex:bones
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Purpose of Muscular System
Locomotion and other movement Ex:skeletal muscles
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