Medical Terminology - ch. 14

Brain

Medulla obolongata

Meninges

spinal cord

Nerve

low back

hardening

blood vessels

-al, -ar, -ary, -ic, -ine, -eal

weakness

hernia, protrusion

birth defect: portion of n.s. protrudes through opening in vertebral column

feeling, sensation

softening

abnormal condition

Cutting into

Speech

Paralysis

suture

Development

• chronic brain condition
• speech and gait disturbances
• loss of memory

disease with muscular weakness due to motor neurons of spinal cord, commonly called Lou Gehrig disease

Cerebellum

Cerebrum: receive sensory info and sends motor commands

responsible for memory, problem solving, and language

divided into frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes.

the brain: coordinate most body activities

4 sections: cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus, and brain stem

right side of brain control the left side of the body, left side controls ride side.

Medulla oblongata : connect rest of brain to spinal cord

has control centers for respiration, HR, Temp, and BP

medication reducing excitability of neurons and prevent activity associated with seizures.

Intracranial mass; either benign or malignant

benign can still be fatal, it can grow and cause pressure on normal brain tissue

bruising of brain, symptoms last longer than 24 hours

include unconsciousness, dizziness, vomiting, unequal pupil size, and shock

Non-progressive brain damage

• result from defect in fetal development or trauma or oxygen deprivation at birth.

lab exam of clear, watery, colorless fluid from brain and spinal cord

detects infections or bleeding of brain

Recurrent disorder of brain

seizures and loss of consciousness occur as a result of uncontrolled neuron electrical activity.

buildup of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain

if congenital, causes head to enlarge

treated by creating shunt from brain to abdomen to drain excess fluid.

punture usually between 4th and 5th lumbar vertebrae inorder to draw fluid for examination or for injection of medication.

aka: spinal puncture or spinal tap

Inflammatory autoimmune disease of C.N.S 

immune system damages myelin around neurons and results in extreme weakness and numbness.

autoimmune disease with severe muscular weakness due to difficulty of electrical impulse passing the synapse from one nerve to the next.

Chronic disorder of n.s. with fine tremors, muscular weakness, rigidity, and shuffling gait.

eruption of painful blisters on body along nerve path

though to be caused by Varicella zoster virus

also called: Herpes zoster

fainting

Congenital defect in walls of spinal canal in which two sides of vertebra do not meet or close.

can result in meningocele or myelomeningocele

Mass of blood forming under dura mater when meninges are torn by trauma

can exert fatal pressure on brain if hematoma is not drained by surgery.

Temporary reduction of blood supply to brain

causes syncope, numbness, and hemiplegia

can eventually lead to cerebrovascular accident.