Leads to the development of amorula and then a blastocyst
Cleavage
Embedding of the blastocyst in theuterine wall
Implantation
Leads to the formation of the first cellof the new individual
fertilization
Leads to the establishment of the three primary germ layers.
Gastrulation
Leads to enhancement of sperm motility and increasing membrane fragility to enable enzyme release from acrosomes.
capacitation
Conceptus is a term used to describe the developing human offspring.
TRUE
The period from fertilization through week eight is called the embryonic period
True
Fertilization occurs while the egg is still in the ovarian follicle.
False
Freshly deposited sperm are not capable of penetrating an oocyte
True
By 72 hours after fertilization, the egg has divided into more than 160 cells and is called the morula
False
Implantation begins six to seven days after ovulation
True
A pregnancy test involves antibodies that detect GH levels in a woman'sblood or urine
false
It test the levels of GnRH
The body systems of the developing embryo are present in at least rudimentary form at eight weeks.
True
Of the three germ layers, the mesoderm forms the most body parts.
True
A pregnant woman urinates more often than usual because the uterus compresses the bladder, and she must also dispose of fetal metabolic wastes
true
The "fluid‐filled, hollow ball of cells" stage of development is the blastocyst.
True
The embryonic stage lasts until the end of the eighth week
True
The embryo is directly enclosed in and protected by the amnion
True
In fetal circulation, one way in which blood bypasses the nonaerated lungs is by way of the foramen ovale
True
An episiotomy is an incision made to widen the vaginal orifice, aidingfetal expulsion
True
The placenta and its attached fetal membranes are collectively called theafterbirth
True
Human placental lactogen initiates labor.
False
surfactant production in premature infants is rarely a factor in providing normal respiratory activity.
Flase
A blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells, while the morula is a solid ball of cell s.
true
a zygote is usually formed within the uterus.
False.
Cells on the dorsal surface of the two‐layered embryonic disc migrate to form a raised groove known as the ________
B) primitive streak
The result of polyspermy in humans is ________.
A) a nonfunctional zygote
I t is impossible for sperm to be functional (able to fertilize the egg) until after ________.
B) they undergo capacitation
Milk ejection or letdown reflex is stimulated by which of the following hormones associated with pregnancy?
B) oxytocin
Estrogen and progesterone maintain the integrity of the uterine lining and prepare the mammary glands to secrete milk. Which of the following structures makes this possible during the first three months of pregnancy?
A) corpus luteum
The placenta, a vitally important metabolic organ, is made up of a contribution from mother and fetus. Which portion is from the fetus?
D) chorion
Relaxin is a hormone produced by the placenta and ovaries. The function of this hormone is to ________
D) relax the pubic symphysis
Proteases and acrosin are enzymes. How do they function in reproduction?
A) They act to break down the protective barriers around the egg,allowing the sperm to penetrate.
Which of the following is not a germ layer?
B) epiderm
The formation of endodermal and ectodermal germ layers occurs at_______
C) gastrulation
Which hormone maintains the viability of the corpus luteum?
C) human chorionic gonadotropin
Which of the following is a highly unlikely method of producing a child?
B) ectopic implantation
Which of the following is not a correct matching of a fetal structure with what it becomes at birth?
A) ductus arteriosus#ligamentum teres
49) Implantation involves ________.
C) embedding of the blastocyst in the uterine wall
The umbilical arteries carry ________
B) waste products to the placenta
The correct sequence of pre embryonic structures is ________.
A) zygote, morula, blastocyst
Which of the following is not assessed as part of the Apgar score?
A) temperature
Hormones concerned with events of lactation include ________.
C) oxytocin
Initially, the implanted embryo obtains its nutrition by ________
B) digestion of endometrial cells
Onset of labor may be a result of all of the following factors except_______
A) aspirin and similar drugs
Select the correct statement about fertilization.
D) Millions of sperm cells are destroyed by the vagina's acidic environment.
57) Shortly after implantation ________.
C) the trophoblast forms two distinct layers
The dorsal surface cells of the inner cell mass form ________
D) the primitive streak
Muscle tissue is formed by the ________.
B) mesoderm
Neural tissue is formed by the ________
A) ectoderm
The trophoblast is mostly responsible for forming the ________.
C) placental tissue
The cardiovascular system of a newborn must be adjusted after the infant takes its first breath. Which of the following is also true?
A) The ductus arteriosus constricts and is converted to the ligamentum arteriosum.
S perm move to the uterine tube through uterine contractions and theenergy of their own flagella. What other factor is involved in sperm movement?
A) reverse peristalsis of the uterus and uterine tubes
At which stage of labor is the "afterbirth" expelled?
C) placental
Which hormone is not produced by the placenta?
B) inhibin
During which stage of labor is the fetus delivered?
B) expulsion stage
Implantation of the blastocyst is the result of all of the following except________
A) phagocytosis by the trophoblast cells
Cleavage as part of embryonic development is distinctive because it involves ________.
A) cell division by mitosis with little or no growth between successive divisions
Which of the following is true in reference to what may pass through the placental barriers?
A) nutrients, respiratory gases, wastes, and alcohol
Which of the following is not usually considered a teratogen?
C) aspirin
Derivatives of the ectoderm include ________. A) connective tissues
B) serosae of the ventral body cavity
C) epithelium of the pineal and pituitary glands
D) epithelium of the reproductive tract
C) epithelium of the pineal and pituitary glands
Derivatives of the mesoderm include ________.
A) endothelium of blood and lymph vessels
Derivatives of the endoderm include ________. A) epithelium of the respiratory tract
B) synovial membranes of the joints
C) organs of the urogenital system
D) blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissue
A) epithelium of the respiratory tract
Developmental events during weeks 9‐12 include ________.
D) sex readily detected from the genitals
Which of the choices below occurs if fertilization of the ovum occurs and implantation takes place?
B) The corpus luteum is maintained until the placenta takes over its hormone‐producing functions.
S elect the correct statement about the special fetal blood vessels.
A) The umbilical vein becomes the ligamentum teres.
Which of the following statements about the events of fertilization is not true?
B) The two pronuclei divide.
The decidua basalis is ________.
B) located between the developing embryo and the myometrium
The first "milk" the mother produces is called ________.
Colostrum
As the newborn suckles, the mother's pituitary produces________ to assist in producing milk.
Prolactin
The act of giving birth is called ________.
Parturituion
A fter the egg is fertilized, it is called a(n) ________.
Zygote
The ________ cells of the blastocyst will take part in placental formation.
trophoblast
The ________ stage of development is the first in which all three germ layers of tissue are evident.
gastrula
_______ is a tissue with star‐shaped cells that are free to migrate widely throughout the embryo.
mesenchyme
Neural tissue develops from the ________.
ectoderm
Which cells invade the endometrium, digesting the uterine cells they contact, so that implantation of the blastocyst can occur?
syncyitical trophoblast cells
What embryonic structure is the structural base for the umbilical cord?
allantois
Explain what triggers a baby’s first breath
A buildup of carbon dioxide in the baby’s blood. causes acidosis. it will excite the respiratory control centers in the baby's brain and will trigger their first inspiration.
