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andrew_johnstone
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atom
- the smallest complete unit of matter
- made of protons, electrons and neutrons
- different element=different atom
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electron
- negative particle in atom
- arranged in energy levels
- their wiggle=electricity
- atomic mass of 1
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subatomic particle
- particles smaller than atoms
- electrons, neutrons and protons
- make up atoms
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nucleus
- the middle of the atom, where the neutrons and protons are
- holds atom together
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proton
- positively charged particle
- in the nucleus
- atomic weight 1836
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neutron
- neutrally charged particle
- in the nucleus
- atomic weight 1837
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energy levels
- where electrons are allowed to travel
- 1st=2, 2nd=8, 3rd=8
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atomic number
- how many protons (and usually electrons) are in an atom
- dif. number= dif. element
- eg. hydrogen=1
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mass number
- how many protons AND neutrons are in an atom
- eg. hydrogen=1 (1 proton, 0 neutron)
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isotope
- an atom with an unusual number of neutrons
- stated element-mass
- eg. hydrogen-2
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bohr-rutherford diagram
- the diagram you use to label atoms
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atomic mass
- the actual mass in electrons of an atom
- 1 p=1836
- 1 e=1
- 1 n=1837
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periodic table
- the God table that you use for all necessary information
- rows=number of energy levels
- columns=number of valeance electrons
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metal
- something that likes giving electrons
- eg. aluminum
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non-metal
- something that likes taking electrons
- eg. chlorine
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metalloids
either metals or non-metals depending on a number of factors
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group
- columns
- check periodic table
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alkali metal
- super reactive, needs to lose an electron
- eg. sodium (fizz)
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alkaline earth metal
- group 2- next to alkali
- somewhat reactive
- eg. beryllium
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halogens
- group 17-next to noble gases
- super reactive, needs to gain a electron
- eg. chlorine
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noble gases
- the perfect atom, super unreactive
- group 18
- eg. helium, krypton
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valeance electron
- electrons in the outer perimeter
- atoms don't like lonely ones
- eg. H=1, Na=1, Ar=8
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