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The control instruments display what?
Immediate attitude and power indications
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The control instruments are:
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The performance instruments indicate what?
The actual performance of the aircraft
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Basic performance instruments include:
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Other performance instruments include:
- AOA gauge
- AOA indexer
- Turn and Bank indicator
- EHSI
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Power control is maintained by referencing the _______
PEDD
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An incorrect pitch setting will be noticed on what instruments?
- VSI will give the first indications
- Altimeter
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Failure to maintain wings level will be apparent on what instrument?
EHSI
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An incorrect power setting will be seen on the ____ first, then the ____ if left uncorrected.
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Procedural steps for the control and performance concept are:
- Establish: set/maintain attitude and power setting
- Trim: neutralize pressures
- Cross-check: performance instruments
- Adjust: make specific adjustments
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Use composite reference as your primary attitude reference in place of ____.
the EADI
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General rule for crab when flying at 200 KIAS in the pattern.
1° of crab is required for approximately 3 knots of crosswind
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A heading deviation is caused by?
not keeping your wings level and not keeping the turn and bank ball centered
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Heading deviation rules of thumb:
- Deviation < 30° - use bank angle equal to number of degrees off
- Deviation > 30° - use 30° of bank to make correction
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An altitude deviation will appear where?
- on the altimeter
- VSI will move first but will not reflect on altitude indicator unless significant
- Do not chase the VSI
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Airspeed deviations show up where first?
- ASI
- Normally caused by an incorrect power setting
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Set up your altitude correction using a ______.
- definite pitch change
- Deviations <300' - 2° of pitch
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How do you determine you lead point on turns?
- Use 1/3 your bank angle.
- 30° bank turn requires 10° lead on heading
- 45° bank turn requires 15° lead on heading
- 60° bank turn requires 20° lead on heading
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Constant airspeed descent:
maintain your airspeed by adjusting pitch
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What is the PAT technique when used to make smooth, continuous corrections?
- Power - lead with power change
- Attitude - set pitch attitude
- Trim - trim off stick forces
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Constant rate descent:
maintain constant airspeed and your desired descent rate by varying pitch and power
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Lead points for a climb to level-off:
10% of VSI
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What is empty field myopia?
condition in which the eyes, having nothing readily available in the visual field in which to focus on, focus automatically at about 9'
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What is visual accommodation?
time it takes your eyes to focus, 2-3 seconds
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What is binocular vision?
your mind tends to ignore things you don't see with both eyes
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How does your pitch in a climbing turn compare to that in a straight climb?
Constant airspeed climbing turn, your pitch attitude will be lower than a straight climb
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How does your pitch in a descending turn compare to that in a straight descent?
- Constant speed descending turns, pitch attitude will be lower than during a wings level descent
- Steeper the bank, more rapidly you will descend
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Effects of trim and power changes:
- Acceleration - left/down
- Power addition - right/down
- Deceleration - right/up
- Power reduction - left/up
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