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3.10

  1. Which system is referred to as the communicating system of the body?
    nervous system
  2. What type of information is sensory input?
    afferent information
  3. what type of information is motor output?
    efferent information
  4. what 2 structures make up the central enrvous system?
    -spinal cord

    -brain
  5. What is the peripheral nervous system?
    -cranial and spinal nerves
  6. what are 2 subdivisions of motor division (efferent)?
    -autonomic nervous system

    -somatic nervous system
  7. What arethe 2 subdivisions of autonomic nervous system?
    -sympathetic division

    -parasympathetic division
  8. description of autonomic nervous system (2)
    -involuntary

    -conducts impulses from CNS to cardiac muscles,smooth, and glands
  9. description of somatic nervous system (2)
    --voluntary

    -conducts impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles
  10. description of sympathetic division
    -mobilizes body systems during emergency situations
  11. description of parasympathetic division (2)
    -conserves energy

    -promotes nonemergency functions
  12. what are neurons?
    excitable cells that transmit an electrical signal or action potential
  13. What are the supporting cells in the CNS called?
    Neuroglia
  14. what are the supporting cells in the PNS called? (2)
    schwann cells and satalite cells
  15. do neurons replicate?
    no
  16. Are neurons highly metabolic or not?
    yes, require abundant supply of oxygen and glucose
  17. What does myelin sheeth do?
    insulates the axon to speed up transmission
  18. What are the spaces between schwann cells called?
    nodes of ranvier
  19. where does the axon arise from?
    axon hillock
  20. Do neurons contain mitotic spindles?
    no, bc they do not replicate
  21. Which type of structural neuron is the most common?
    multipolar
  22. Where are unipolars located?
    • dorsal ganglion
    • *dorsal part
  23. where are mulitpolar ususally lcoated?
    • -ventral part
    • *motor
    • *efferent
  24. Do supporting cells conduct an AP?
    no
  25. Neurons and SUpporting cells: which is there more?
    supporting cells
  26. (neuroglia in CNS) fucntions of Astrocyte (3)
    -exchange between capillaries and neurons

    • -control chemical environment
    • *maintain ion concentration

    -take up NTs
  27. (neuroglia in CNS) fucntions of Microglial cell (2)
    -monitor health of neurons

    -phagocytic
  28. (neuroglia in CNS) functions of ependymal cells (2)
    -help form cerebrospinal fluid

    -help circulate cerebrospinal fluid
  29. (neuroglia in CNS) function of Oligodendrocyte
    form myelin sheath in the CNS
  30. Supporting cells in PNS) function of satellite cells (2)
    -surround the cell bodies of neurons in ganglia

    • -supportive to neurons
    • *take care of neurons health and environment
  31. Supporting cells in PNS) fucntion of schwann cells?
    form the myelin sheath in the PNS
  32. factors affecting conduction velocity) axon diameter
    -the larger the diameter of the axon the faster it will conduct a current
  33. factors affecting conduction velocity) myelin sheath
    -myelinated axons conduct impulses faster than unmyelinated axons
  34. What is continuous conduction? (2)
    -AP are generated at sites immediately adjacent to each other

    -conduction is relatively slow
  35. what is saltatory conduction? (2)
    -prescence of myelin sheath allows AP to be generated only nodes of ranvier

    -speeds up conduction
  36. What are nodes of ranvier?
    spaces between adjacent schwann cells
  37. What does the myelin sheath wrap around?
    axon
  38. classification of nerve fibers) description of group A (4)
    -somatic sensory and motor fibers

    -largest diameter 

    -largest degree of myelination

    -fastest conducting
  39. classification of nerve fibers) description group B (2)
    -innervate the viscera and pain fibers from the skin

    -lightly myelinated
  40. classification of nerve fibers) group C (4)
    -visceral and some pain and touch

    -smallest diameter

    -unmyelinated

    -slowest conducting from the other 3
  41. layers of connective tissue which cover nerve processes) description of epineurium? (2)
    -outermost layer

    -covers the entire nerve
  42. layers of connective tissue which cover nerve processes) description of perineurium (2)
    -middle layer


    • - covers fasiscles
    • *covers a bundle of nerve processes
  43. layers of connective tissue which cover nerve processes) description of endoneurium (2)
    -inner layer

    • -covers individual processes of a neuron
    • *within each endoneurium there is a myelin sheath and axon
Author
efrain12
ID
248142
Card Set
3.10
Description
Cells of the nervous system
Updated

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