Equine Reproduction

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What is the exterior opening of the repro tract?

Vulva
What makes up the vulva?
- Labia
- clitoris
- vestibule
What is the vagina?

Muscular membrane that communicates the vestibule to the cervix
What is the physical barrier between the vagina and the uterus?

Cervix
What affects the shape and characteristics of the cervix?

Hormonal effects
What changes the color of the cervix?
- increase of estrogen
- pale to pink to red
How does the location of the cervix change?

High to low during estrous cycle
What are oviducts?

tiny coiled tubes that connect the uterine horn to the ovary
Where does fertilization of an ovum occur?

Ampulla section of oviduct
What is the ovary?

Kidney bean shaped and varies in size and texture between breeding and non-breeding seasons
What covers the ovary?

Follicular epithelial cells that cause a follicle to grow and mature
What is the master organ of the stallion repro system?

Testes
What occurs in the testes?

Sperm and testosterone production
What can affect spermatozoa production?
- Size
- season
Where are the testes housed?

Scrotum
Why is repro efficiency the lowest in horses?

bred for genetics and competition qualities
What is horses' repro efficiency?
- 50% domestic
- 80-90% wild
When do mares breed?

when days become longer (spring & summer)
how long is equine gestation?

11 months
Why is the universal birthdate bad?
- Breeders want foals born close to January as possible
- discouraged from rebreeding mares not bred by may
What is anestrous?
- Minimal hormone and ovarian activity
- (winter)
What is estrous?
- Multiple cycles in spring and summer
- estrus and diestrous
How long does estrus (heat) last?

5-7 days
What is diestrous?

21-23 days between estrous cycles
What activates hormones to prepare for breeding?

Daylight
What does melatonin do?
- High in winter
- drops in spring, telling other hormones to increase (LH, follicle-forming hormones)
What drives the repro system in horses?

Hormones
What are most breed registries against?

Embryo transfer
What is the purpose of AI?

breed more animals
What are the types of AVs?
- Colorado
- Missouri
- Japanese

Author

alyssau12

247865

Card Set

Equine Reproduction

Description

Test 3

Updated

2013-11-20T04:16:46Z

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