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Define Bacteremia.
- Microorganism will occasionally enter the bloodstream.
- usually controlled by immune system.
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Define Septicemia.
(blood poisoning) microbes row and multiply in bloodstream.
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Define Lymphangitis.
Symptom of septicemia in which red streaks due to inflamed lymphatics appear beneath the skin.
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What is the causative agent of Group B Streptococcal Disease?
Streptococcus agalactiae.
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How is Group B Streptococcal Disease transmitted?
- Common in vaginal flora.
- Baby exposed to Group B strep upon delivery.
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What does Group B Streptococcal Diesase Cause?
- neonatal sesis.
- meningitis.
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What is the causative agent of Urban & Sylvatic Plague?
Yersinia pestis.
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How is Urban & Sylvatic Plague Transmitted?
- Infected flea is hungry due to large numbers of organisms blocking its digestive tract.
- Infected flea regurgitates organisms into flea bite.
- Bacilli kill phagocytes that try to eat them, reduce the inflammatory response, degrade complement proteins.
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What are the Stages of Urban & Sylvatic Plague?
- Bubonic Plague.
- Septicemic Plague.
- Pneumonic Plague.
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What are the symptoms of Bubonic plague.
- 2-6 days incubation.
- enlarged tender lymph nodes (buboes).
- Fever, chills extreme exhaustion.
- Can be treated with antibiotics.
- Hemorrhages turn skin black.
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What are the symptoms of Septicemic Plague?
- Septicemia, Shock.
- Hemorrhage and necrosis in all parts of the body.
- Often fatal w/o treatment.
- Can progress into lungs.
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What is the symptom of Pneumonic plague?
- can be spread when aerosol droplets from coughing patient are inhaled.
- difficulty breathing, bloody sputum.
- Nearly always fatal.
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What is the Causative Agent of Mononucleosis?
- Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV).
- aka Herpes Virus 4.
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How is Mononucleosis Transmitted?
- EBV enters body through the oropharynx.
- Infects epithelial cells and eventually B cells.
- Causes B cell to make random antibodies.
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What is the Major symptoms of Mononucleosis?
- Headache.
- Exhaustion.
- Sore throat.
- Splenomegaly.
- Lymphadenopathy.
- virus may kill B cells or remain latent.
- latently infected B cells not attacked by cell mediated immune system.
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What is the causative agent for Burkitts Lymphoma?
In combination with malaria Epstein-barr causes B cell cancer in young children in Africa.
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What are Major Symptoms of Burkitts Lymphoma?
- form of cancer of the jaw.
- a tumor of the jaw and viscera such as liver and spleen.
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What doe sthe Epstein-Barr Virus do to the lymphocytes?
- 1. Elicits EBV antibodies.
- 2.Viral genes are either incorporated into cellular DNA or kept in plasmid. Antigens are produced and cause T-Cells to proliferate.
- 3.More antigens are produced on b-cell surface.
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What is Septic Shock?
- A life threatening septicemia.
- Low blood pressure and collapse of blood vessels.
- Fever, shock, and lymphangitits.
- 50-70% Mortality rate.
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