BSC 1005 FAMU DR LONG CHP PART1

• -Ingesting food
• -Digesting food into the nutrients that cells can use
• -Absorbing nutrients
• -Eliminating indigestible remains

• -Begins with the chewing of food in the mouth
• -Continues with the churning and mixing of food in the stomach

Enzymes break down macro molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed

Oral Cavity, Tongue, Pharynx, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, (Colon, Appendix, Rectum, )/Large Intestine, Anus

Salivary Glands, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas

• -Ingests food
• -Comprised of skeletal muscles to change the shape of the tongue
• -Taste buds are sensory receptors that allow people to enjoy eating by taste and texture.
• -The roof of the mouth separates the nasal cavity from the mouth
• -Salivary Glands produce saliva
• -Saliva contains amylase which begins digesting starch

• -Start with 20 baby teeth
• -32 Adult teeth
• -Bacteria that adhere to teeth metabolize sugar and release acids, which erode the enamel
• -Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums

• -The passageway that receives air from the nasal cavities and food from the mouth
• -Swallowing, soft palate closes off the nasopharynx, trachea moves up causing the epiglottis to cover the glottis, as a result the food can only enter the esophagus.

• -Muscular tube that extends form the pharynx to the stomach
• -The sphincter muscle closes the esophagus from the stomach
• -

1.Mucosa, Submucosa, Muscularis, Serosa

• -Thick walled,J Shaped Organ.
• -Recieves food from the esophagus then later moves food to small intestine
• -Starts digestion of proteins
• -Holds about 4 liters when full
• -Epithelium line the stomach
• -The stomach normally empties in 2-6 hours

• -Approx. 6 meters long
• -Divided in 3 sections (all ending in um)
• -Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

• -It absorbs water, Salts and some vitamns
• -Feces are typically 3/4 water and 1/4 solid

• Endocrine
• -Insulin and Glucagon
• -Blood glucose regualtion

• Excocrine
• -Neutralizes the stomach acid
• -Starch, protein, and fat

• -Largest gland in the body
• -Acts as gatekeeper for the blood
• -Detoxifies and removes poisonous substances
• -Makes plasma proteins
• -Regulates cholesterol
• -Regulates blood glucose

• -Stores excess bile
• -Produces 400-800 ml of bile each day
• -Water is reabsred so that bile is thickened

takes place along the alimentary canal.

• Ingestion, Digestion (Mechanical, Chemical)
• Absorption, Elimination