Bone Tissue Ch 7

Functions of Skeleton

Hardening process of bone

Cranial bones, sternum, scapula, ribs, and hip bones are all:

Humerus, radius, ulna, femur, fibula, tibia, metacarpals, metatarsals, and phalanges are:

Carpal, atrial, and patella are:

Vertebrae bones are called:

Contains bone marrow

Shaft of long bone is called

Heads of long bone are called:

Joint surface where one bone meets another covered with a layer of Hyaline cartilage is called:

Bone is covered with a sheath called:

Growth plate is called

Two layers of compact bone with spongy middle layer is called

Bone forming cells

Former osteoblasts

Stimulates insulin secretion by pancreas, increases sensitivity in adipocytes, and limits growth of adipose tissue

Bone dissolving cells that develop from blood cells

Osteoblasts secrete

Inorganic calcium phosphate salt synthesized by osteoblasts

Childhood disease from lack of calcium

Brittle bone disease "without collagen"

Calcified hard bone, sponge-like appearance

Thin plates of spongy bone

Soft tissue of marrow cavity

Two types of bone marrow

Marrow found in axial skeleton

Hemopoietic tissue (produces red blood cells)

Fatty Marrow

Where is most red marrow found?

Where is most yellow marrow found?

Formation of bone

Bone develops by two methods:

Produces flat bones of skull and most of clavicle

Process in which bone is preceded by hyaline cartilage "model" that becomes replaced by osseous tissue; begins in fetal development and continues into 20's (most bones of body)

Two directions bones grow:

Growth in length:

Cartilage growth from within

Bone growth in width

Condition where long bones of limbs stop growing in childhood:

Condition where a deficiency of growth hormone stunts growth in all of bone

States that the architecture of a bone is determined by the mechanical stresses placed upon it, and the bone thereby adapts to withstand these stresses:

Bones are continually:

Crystallization process in which calcium, phosphate, and other ions are taken from blood plasma and deposited in bone tissue

Abnormal calcification

Adult body contains ____g of calcium, with ___% of it in the bones.

Calcium deficiency

Blood calcium in excess

Depends on a balance between dietary intake, urinary and fecal losses, and exchanges with the osseous tissue

Calcium Homeostasis is regulated by three hormones:

Form of vitamin D produced by the sequential action of the skin, liver, and kidneys

Softness of bone in children

Softness of bone in adults

Most important factor in Blood Calcium Levels (bcl):

Causes premature closure and results in abnormally short adult stature

4 stages of healing fractures:

Most common bone disease (mostly in women)