PH146 Test 2

• 1) Gain attention
• 2) Present stimulus material
• 3) Provide guidance 
• 4) Elicit performance and provide feedback
• 5) Enhance retention and transfer

number of program units delivered; how many times offered

number of components or activities.

behavior capability, expectations, expectancies, self-control/self-regulation, self-efficacy, emotional-control responses, reciprocal determinism, locus of control

individuals knowing what the behaviors they must perform are and how to perform them

Reinforce/reward themselves

having participants observe something else being reinforced for behaving in an appropriate manner (observational learning/social modeling)

Group facilitator who provides verbal feedback

• 1) precontemplation: people don't intend to change behaviors
• 2) contemplation: people intend to change behavior in the next 6 months
• 3) preparation: take action within the next month, have taken some significant step
• 4) action stage: made overt changes to overcome problems 
• 5) maintenance: working to prevent relapse, at least six months
• 6) termination: individuals have zero temptation to return to their old behavior; 100% self-efficacy

• 1) no single theory can account for all complexities of behavior change
• 2) behavior change is a process that unfolds over time through a sequence of stages
• 3) stages are both stable and open to change
• 4) majority of at-risk will not be prepared for action, and will not be served by traditional programs
• 5) specific processes and principles of change should be emphasized at specific stages to maximize efficacy

• 1) stages of change
• 2) decisional balance
• 3) self-efficacy
• 4) processes of change
• 5) temptation

1) cues to action 2) perceived susceptibility 3) perceived seriousness/severity 4) perceived barriers 5) perceived benefits 6) likelihood of taking recommended action

• 1) existence of sufficient motivation to make issues relevant
• 2) belief that one is susceptible (perceived threat)
• 3) belief that benefits are worth cost (perceived barriers)

Theory of Reasoned Action - individuals intentions are functions of attitudes towards behavior and their subjective norms associated with behaviors

Decrease in behavior

Increase in behavior

change process theory; how change takes place

theories/models of implementation; theories & models used for planning implementing and evaluating health promotion programs

identify why people are not behaving in healthy ways, information needed for developing an intervention, providing framework for selecting constructs, providing direction/justification, insights how to best deliver intervention, identify what needs to be measured to evaluate the impact

can be measured, practical use of a construct/operational form of construct

perceived barrier; concept adopted for use with specific theory

personal belief; building blocks of theory

both task and process oriented: achieving change to redress imbalances in power

task oriented, focused on problem solving usually by outside expert

seeks community change through broad self-help participation from the local community; builds a sense of community

Locality development, social planning, social action

Health belief model; represents process; mixture of theories used together