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3.4

  1. what 4 actions do the gluteal region on posterior side of pelvis create? (4
    -extend

    -abducts

    -medial rotates the thigh

    -lateral rotates the thigh
  2. what 2 actions do the posterior thigh muscles create?
    extend the thigh and flex the leg
  3. what are the 3 gluteal muscles?
    -gluteus maximus

    -gluteus medius

    -gluteus minimus
  4. what are the 5 lateral rotator muscles of the thigh?
    -piriformis

    -obturator internus

    -superior and inferior gemelli

    -obturator externus

    -quadratus femoris
  5. (gluteus maximus) origin (4)
    -dorsal illium

    -part of sacrum

    -coxaes

    -sacral tuberous ligament
  6. (gluteus maximus) inserts
    gluteal tuberosity of femur via iliotibial band
  7. (gluteus maximus) innervated
    inferior gluteal nerve
  8. (gluteus maximus) action
    -major extension of thigh

    -assists in lateral rotation thigh
  9. which is the most superficial gluteal muscle?
    gluteus maximus
  10. gluteus medius) origin
    posterior side of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal line
  11. gluteus medius) inserts
    lateral aspect of the greater trochanter
  12. gluteus medius) innervated
    superior gluteal nerve
  13. gluteus medius) action (3)
    -abdution of thigh

    -medial rotation of thigh

    ***most important function is walking mechanism
  14. gluteus minimus) origin
    between inferior and anterior gluteal lines
  15. gluteus minimus) inserts
    anterior aspect of the greater trochanter
  16. gluteus minimus) innervated
    superior gluteal nerve
  17. gluteus minimus) action (3)
    -abduction of thigh

    -medial rotation of thigh

    *MOST IMPORTANT FUNCTION IS WALKING MECHANISM
  18. What muscle covers gluteus minimus?
    gluteus medius
  19. what essential role do gluteus medius and minimus play for locomotion?
    • prevents the unsupported limb from dragging on the ground by keeping the pelvis leveled.
    • **basically when the right limb is unsupported, the left muscles contract to tilt the pelvis
  20. when the weight is supported by one foot, what do the gluteus medius and minimus do?
    these muscle that are on that same side hold the pelvis so it wont sag on the side that is unsupported
  21. what is trendelenberg sign?
    when gluteus medius and minimus are inactive due to injury to superior gluteal nerve, the supporting of these muscles are gone and the pelvis falls to the side of the unsupported limb
  22. What nerve is superficial to the 6 lateral rotators?
    gluteus maximus
  23. (piriformis) origin
    anterior surface of the sacrum
  24. (piriformis) inserts
    superior border of the greater trochanter
  25. (piriformis) innervated
    ventral rami
  26. (piriformis) action (2)
    • -rotates thigh laterally
    • *primary action

    -abduction of thigh when it is flexed
  27. what group muscles are located inferior to the piriformis?
    all other rotators
  28. where does the (piriformis) exit from?
    greater sciatic foramen
  29. obturator internus) origin (3)
    -inner surface of obturator membrane

    -greater sciatic notch

    -margins of obturator foramen
  30. obturator internus) inserts
    greater trochanter of femur
  31. obturator internus) innervated
    ventral rami
  32. obturator internus) action
    lateral rotation of thigh
  33. where dles obturator internus) exit from?
    lesser sciactic foramen
  34. Superior Gemallus) origin
    ischial spine
  35. Superior Gemallus) inserts
    obturator internus tendon that goes into the greater trochanter
  36. Superior Gemallus) innervated
    ventral rami
  37. Superior Gemallus) action
    lateral rotation of thigh
  38. inferior gemellus) origin
    ischial tuberosity
  39. inferior gemellus) insertion
    obturator internus tendon that goes into the greater trochanter
  40. inferior gemellus) innervated
    ventral rami
  41. inferior gemellus) action
    lateral rotation of thigh
  42. quadratus femoris) origin
    ischial tuberosity
  43. quadratus femoris) inserts (2)
    -greater trochanter and

    -trochanteric line
  44. quadratus femoris) action
    -strong lateral rotation of the thigh
  45. quadratus femoris) what is this muscle located inferior to?
    gemellus inferior
  46. obturator externus) origin (2)
    -outer surface of the obturator foramen

    -outer rim of of obturator foramen itself
  47. obturator externus) inserts
    trochanteric line of femur
  48. obturator externus) innervated
    obturator nerve
  49. obturator externus) action (2)
    -lateral rotation of thigh

    -holds the head of femur in acetabulum
  50. IN which quadrant is it safe to have intragluteal injections?
    upper lateral
  51. which 3 muscles on posterior thigh are called hamstrings?
    -biceps femoris

    -semitendinosus

    -semimembranousus
  52. what 2 things do the hamstrings do?
    -extensors of thigh

    - flexors of the leg
  53. biceps femoris) longhead) origin
    ischial tuberosity
  54. biceps femoris)Long head) inserts
    combines with the other head to form a tendon to insert on the head of the fibula
  55. biceps femoris) long head- innervated
    tibial nerve of sciatic nerve
  56. biceps femoris) long head- action (2)
    -extend the thigh

    -flex the knee
  57. biceps femoris) short head- origin
    -linea aspera of femur
  58. biceps femoris) short head- inserts
    combines with the other head of the biceps femoris to form a tendon to insert on the head of the fibula
  59. biceps femoris) short head- inervaed
    fibular nerve of sciatic nerve
  60. biceps femoris) short head- action
    -flex the knee

    *to a lower extent lateral rotates
  61. which head of biceps femoris crosses the hip and knee?
    long head
  62. which head is superficial to the other?
    long head is superficial to the short head
  63. semitendinosus) origin
    • ischial tuberosity
    • *along with the long head of biceps feoris
  64. semitendinosus) inserts
    medial condyle of tibia via PES ASENIRUS

    *along with gracilis and sartorius
  65. semitendinosus) INNERVATED
    tibial protion of sciatic nerve
  66. semitendinosus) action
    -extension of thigh

    -flexion of knee

    -slight medial rotation of leg
  67. semimebranosus) origin
    ischial tuberosity

    *along with long head and semitendinosus
  68. semimebranosus) inserts (2)
    -medial condyle of tibia and

    -lateral condyle of tibia via oblique popliteal ligament
  69. semimebranosus) innervated
    sciatic nerve via tibial portion
  70. semimebranosus) action (3)
    -extension of thigh

    -flexes knee

    -medial rotation of the leg
  71. where does the sciatic nerve enter?
    popliteal fossa
  72. what muscle is on the popliteal fossa?
    popliteus
  73. what ligaments are lovated on the popliteal fossa?
    oblique popliteal ligament
  74. in what type of activites are the hamstring injuries common in?
    activities that require quick starts
Author
efrain12
ID
246320
Card Set
3.4
Description
Gluteal and posterior thigh muscles
Updated

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