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What are the structural parts of the basal nuclei?
- caudate
- putamen
- globus pallidus
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If the medulla was damaged, a person may experience problems with...
- moderation of heart rate
- blood pressure
- respiratory centers (rate & volume)
- reflexes (coughing, sneezing)
- swallowing
- vomiting
- salvation
- sweating
- tongue & head movements
-
The pons (nuclei) is in charge of...
- posture
- sleep
- hearing
- balance
- taste
- eye movement
- facial expression
- facial sensation
- respiration
- swallowing
- bladder control
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The more we move away from the frontal cortex, the more _____ things become.
basic
-
What is the final editor of all the things you are about to do and makes them better (the orchestrator, makes a more fine-tuned plan)?
cerebellum
-
The arbor vitae is made of what and resides where?
white matter, the cerebellum
-
limbic system refers to ___
emotion
-
reticular system involves the ____ and dampening certain over-used or weak inputs
RAS
-
When is the RAS not active?
at night
-
What are the big emotion players?
- cingulate gyrus
- mammillary body
- hippocampus
- anygdala
- frontal cortices
- basal nuclei
-
What are the types of EEG waves? (from slowest to fastest)
- Delta 1-3 Hz
- Theta 4-7
- Alpha 8-12
- Beta 13-30 or 40
-
What is cps? What is it equivalent to?
cycles per second; hertz
-
Which type of EEG wave is slow wave sleep (sws)?
delta
-
a lack of ___ signal means no sleep
EMG
-
the slower the wavelength, the _____ voltage change
more
-
Sleep patterns are regulated by the ____.
hypothalamus (SCN)
-
NREM sleep is associated with _____ and REM sleep is associative with ____.
- NREM = restorative
- REM = recovery & memory
-
How many stages of REM sleep are there a night?
5-6
-
The average sleep cycle is _____ minutes long.
90
-
What are the two processes controlling sleep?
- drive for wakefulness
- homeostatic drive for sleep
-
which "process" is the drive for wakefulness?
the c process
-
what "process" is the drive for sleep? (or sleepiness)
the s process
-
the more sleep you don't have, the ____ sleep you need. this is defined by ____.
more; homeostatic sleep
-
what is the hormone that keeps you awake? what is it secreted by?
orexin; SCN
-
associating ____ memory with ____ memory will help you remember the ____ memory better.
skilled, fact, fact
-
fact memory is ____ which is very easy to forget
declarative
-
skilled memory is something that you could never ____.
forget (like riding a bike)
-
In emotion, going from "top" to "bottom" is going from ____ to _____.
heightened arousal to non aroused
-
In emotion, going from "left" to "right": is going from ____ to ____.
withdrawal (neg) to approach (pos)
-
what is the measure of what gets people excited, withdrawn, approach, etc (using pictures)
IAPS
-
The IAPS (emotion) measures ____ and ____.
arousal and valence
-
What are special ependymal cells that make CSF?
choroid plexus
-
What 4 things protect the brain?
skull, meninges, CSF, BBB
-
____mL of CSF is wrapped around our brain. How much is produced daily?
150; 500 mL
-
What are the three layers of meninges (from most superficial to deep)?
- dura mater
- arachnoid mater
- pia mater
-
The dura mater is how many layers in the brain?
2 (1 in the spinal cord)
-
CSF is right below this layer of meninges.
arachnoid
-
the flow of CSF comes from this part of the brain.
the choroid plexus & third ventricle
-
What disease is a progressive degenerative disease that leads to dementia?
Alzheimer's disease
-
What disease results from the deterioration of DA secretors?
Parkinson's disease
-
What disease results from the deterioration of the basal nuclei?
Huntington's disease
-
sensory = (this direction)
motor = (this direction)
- sensory = dorsal
- motor = ventral
-
What grows outside of the developing spinal cord?
DRG (dorsal root ganglion)
-
What are the plexuses of the spinal cord?
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, & coccygeal
-
where does the spinal cord end?
conus medullaris
-
what is the "horse tail" in which the axon processes spread out
cauda equina
-
spino- = sensory or motor?
sensory
-
-spino = sensory or motor?
motor
-
this means to "cross over"
dessicate
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