-
Late Dynastic period
Perians succeed in invading and ruling Egypt as 27th Dynasty, however Egyptians over throw them and re-establish Egyptian Culture
-
Greek/Roman period
Dark time, Persians return for 10 yeats, temples plundered, holy animals butchered, massive taxes, made way for Alexander the great
-
Indus Valley Civilisation
- 7000 BP-18000 BC
- Surplus food production: wheat barley, crops stored in mud brick huts, kept live stock, became large urban centers, evidence for texhnology
-
Indus Valley Urban life
craft specialisation and industrialisation, use of copper and metal for industrial and commercial development, craft
-
Indus Valley Architecture
dockyards, granaries and warehouses, lare wall around cities, citadel and lower town, little evidence of religious political structures, different size houses
-
Indus Valley Trade/Farming
important, facilitated by advances in transport technology e.g carts and boats, evidence of sea farming,extensive canal networks, trade to Afghanistan
-
8 urban centers of indus civilisation
- Harrapa
- Mahenjo-Daro: grid plan city, sun-dried brick houses with wooden upper half
- Ganeriwala
- Rajhigarhi
- Kalinangan
- Rupar
- Dholavira
- Latha;
-
Indus Valley Religion
Agricultural city, fertility very important, terracotta mother goddess, animal representation, bull prominent figure
-
Harapa
- Citadel, houses have central open courtyard with living rooms
- rectangular/oval grave with pottery/funerary objects
- pot-burials on circular pit
- rectangular/oval grave with no bodies only gifts
-
Indus Valley Writing
over 400 distinct symbols, used seals with animals, sings hung over citadel
-
Indus Valley Collapse
change and decline on monsoon patterns impacted agriculture, citizens forced eastward, caused a decline of cities and rise of small communities
|
|
