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Muscles - Extensors of Ankles and Toes
- 1. Tibialis Anterior
- 2. Extensor Digitorum Longus
- 3. Extensor Hallucis Longus
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Tibialis Anterior
- A: invert, dorsiflex
- O: lateral condyle of tibia; lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane
- I: medial cuneiform, base of 1st metatarsal
- N: deep peroneal
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Extensor Digitorum Longus
- A: extend toes 2-5, dorsiflex, evert
- O: lateral condyle of tibia; proximal anterior shaft of fibula, interosseous membrane
- I: middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5
- N: peroneal
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Extensor Hallucis Longus
- A: extend hallux, dorsiflex, invert
- O: middle anterior surface of fibula, interosseous membrane
- I: distal phalange of hallux
- N: deep peroneal
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Muscles - Flexors of Ankles and Toes
- 1. Tibialis Posterior
- 2. Flexor Digitorum Longus
- 3. Flexor Hallucis Longus
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Tibialis Posterior
- A: invert, plantarflex
- O: proximal, posterior shafts of tibia and fibula, interosseous membrane
- I: all five tarsal bones and bases of metatarsals 2-4
- N: tibial
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Flexor Digitorum Longus
- A: flex toes 2-5, weak plantarflexion, invert
- O: middle posterior surface of tibia
- I: distal phalanges of toes 2-5
- N: tibial
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Flexor Hallucis Longus
- A: flex hallux, weak plantarflexion, invert
- O: middle half of posterior fibula
- I: distal phalange of hallux
- N: tibial
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Muscles - Foot
- Dorsal Surface
- 1. Extensor Digitorum Brevis
- 2. Extensor Hallucis Brevis
- Plantar Surface - 1 st Layer
- 3. Flexor Digitorum Brevis
- 4. Abductor Hallucis
- 5. Abductor Digiti Minimi
- 2 nd Layer
- 6. Quadratus Plantae
- 7. Lumbricals
- 3 rd Layer
- 8. Flexor Hallucis Brevis
- 9. Adductor Hallucis
- 10. Flexor Digiti Minimi
- 4th Layer
- 11. Plantar Interossei
- 12. Dorsal Interossei
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Extensor Digitorum Brevis
- A: extend toes 2-4 (MTP, PIP and DIP joints)
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: deep peroneal
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Extensor Hallucis Brevis
- A: extend first toe (MTP joint)
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: deep peroneal
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Flexor Digitorum Brevis
- A: flex toes 2-5 (PIP joints)
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: Tibial
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Abductor Hallucis
- A: abduct first toe (MTP joint)
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: Tibial
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Abductor Digiti Minimi
- A: flex fifth toeassist to abduct fifth toe (MTP joint)
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: Tibial
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Quadratus Plantae
- A: assist flexor digitorum longus to flex toes 2-5
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: Tibial
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Lumbricals
- A: flex toes 2-5 (MTP joints)extend toes 2-5 (PIP and DIP joints)
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: tibial
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Flexor Hallucis Brevis
- A: flex first toe (MTP joint)
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: tibial
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Adductor Hallucis
- A: adduct first toe (MTP joint) assist to flex first toe
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: tibial
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Flexor Digiti Minimi
- A: flex fifth toe (MTP joint)
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: tibial
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Plantar Interossei
- A: adduct toes 3-5 (MTP joints)flex toes 3-5 (MTP joints)
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: tibial
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Dorsal Interossei
- A: abduct toes 2-4 (MTP joints)flex toes 2-4 (MTP joints) \
- O: NA
- I: NA
- N: tibial
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Muscles - Lower Leg
- 1. Gastrocnemius
- 2. Soleus
- 3. Plantaris
- 4. Popliteus
- 5. Peroneus Longus
- 6. Peroneus Brevis
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Gastrocnemius
- A: flex knee, plantarflex
- O: condyles of the femur, posterior surfaces
- I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
- N: tibial
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Soleus
- A: plantarflex
- O: soleal line; proximal, posterior tibia; posterior aspect of head of fibula
- I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
- N: tibial
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Plantaris
- A: weak plantarflexion & knee flexion
- O: lateral supracondylar line of the femur
- I: calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
- N: tibial
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Popliteus
- A: IR knee, flex knee
- O: lateral condyle of femur
- I: proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
- N: tibial
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Peroneus Longus
- A: evert, assists plantarflexion
- O: head of the fibula; proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula
- I: base of 1st metatarsal, medial cuneiform
- N: superficial peroneal
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Peroneus Brevis
- A: evert, plantarflex
- O: distal 2/3 of lateral fibula
- I: tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
- N: superficial peroneal
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