V151 Test #2

• Nasal = 60 Degrees
• Temporal = 100 Degrees
• Superior = 60 Degrees
• Inferior = 75 Degrees

• Nerve fiber anatomy
• optic nerve head/ optic nerve
• chiasm
• optic tract
• Lateral Geniculate Nucleus or Body
• optic radiation
• visual cortex

no stimulus perceived anywhere in the affected field –blind to all stimuli

has less than normal sensitivity but some stimuli are detected.

VF defect changes in size inversely with change in size and/or intensity of stimulus

metamorphopsia caused by central lesions (ARMD)

• P - Pupils
• E - Equal
• R - Round
• R - React to
• L - Light
• A - Accommodation(near)

Sympathetic - Stress Response (fight or flight)

Parasympathetic - Calm, Relaxed state

Classic Triad: ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis of face on affected side

Sphincter - Miosis (constricts pupil)

Dilator - Midriasis (Dilates Pupil)

each eye sees an object from a slightly different angle.  The brain fuses the images into one 3D image.

• Gross Stereopsis - fly - 3000 sec. of arc
• Intermediate - 3 rows of animals - 400, 200, and 100 sec. of arc
• Fine - 10 groups of 4 rings - measure up to 20 to 40 sec of arc

• Ishihara PIP (most common)(no blue/yellow)
• Farnsworth-Munsell D-15 Dichromatous
• Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue test
• Farnsworth Lantern test
• Nagel anomaloscope

usually blue/yellow defects

caused by: cataracts, retinal disease, optic nerve disease

Red (protanomalous)

Green (deuteranomalous)