psychology 9 chapter 7

During the elementary school years, children grow an average of __________ inches a year.
A) 1 to 2
B) 3 to 4
C) 2 to 3
D) 4 to 5

Which of the following statements regarding body growth and proportion in the elementary school years is TRUE?
A) Boys are usually stronger than girls.
B) Children gain an average of 15 to 20 pounds per year during this period.
C) Children triple their strength capabilities during these years.
D) Proportional changes are among the least pronounced in middle and late childhood.

Which of the following statements regarding motor development in middle and late childhood is TRUE?
A) Children gain greater control over their bodies and can sit for longer periods of time; therefore, their lives should be less activity-oriented.
B) Improved gross motor skills appear in the form of handwriting development.
C) Motor development becomes much smoother and more coordinated.
D) Boys are usually better at fine motor skills, whereas girls outperform boys at gross motor skills.

At what age do children begin to show motor manipulative skills similar to the abilities of adults?
A) 6 years
B) 8 to 10 years
C) 10 to 12 years
D) 7 years

Regarding exercise and sports in middle and late childhood, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Twenty-three percent of children between ages 9 and 13 do not engage in any free-time physical activity.
B) Girls are more physically active than boys in this age group.
C) Children's use of television, computers, and video games has increased their amount of physical activity.
D) Participation in sports has only positive consequences for children.

What is the most common cause of death in middle and late childhood?
A) injuries from motor vehicle accidents
B) cancer
C) obesity-related diseases
D) accidents resulting from improper use of sport equipment

In childhood, obesity is more common among __________.
A) those who exercise regularly
B) girls
C) boys
D) African Americans

8. Of those children with disabilities receiving special education services, more than 40% have __________.
A) mental retardation
B) speech or language impairments
C) a learning disability or ADHD.
D) serious emotional disturbances

Children with learning disabilities have all the following characteristics EXCEPT __________.
A) difficulties not attributable to any other diagnosed problem
B) mental retardation
C) normal intelligence
D) difficulties in one or more academic area

__________ is a learning disability whereby individuals have a severe impairment in their ability to read and spell.
A) Ritalin
B) Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
C) Leukemia
D) Dyslexia

The individualized education plan (IEP) __________.
A) is a public law describing mandates for service to children with disabilities.
B) is a written statement describing a program for a student with a disability.
C) requires educating a student with special needs partially in a regular classroom
D) describes a setting that is as similar as possible to the one in which children who do not have a disability are educated.

Piaget characterized the thought of children in middle and late adolescence as __________.
A) formal operational
B) preoperational
C) sensorimotor
D) concrete operational

The activity of ordering stimuli along a quantitative dimension is best described as __________.
A) operations
B) seriation
C) classification
D) transitivity

Which of the following is a criticism of Piaget's theory that is supported by recent research?A)Piaget underestimated children's competence.
B)He placed too much emphasis on culture and education.
C)Children cannot be trained to reason at higher levels.
D)Piaget's theory was not divided into clear-cut stages.

Mental age divided by chronological age multiplied by 100 yields a(n) __________.
A) normal distribution
B) intelligence quotient
C) triarchic intelligence score
D) frame of mind

Who proposed the triarchic theory of intelligence that divides intelligence into analytical, creative, and practical components?
A) Robert Sternberg
B) David Wechsler
C) Alfred Binet
D) Howard Gardner

he majority of people who are mentally retarded experience _________ retardation.
A) severe
B) profound
C) moderate
D) mild

Gifted children are typically __________.
A) difficult to motivate
B) average scorers on intelligence tests
C) precocious
D) maladjusted

Which educational approach involves teaching children in their native language while gradually introducing English?
A) whole-language approach
B) brainstorming
C) basic-skills-and-phonetics approach
D) bilingual education

__________, which refers to knowledge about language, develops considerably during the elementary school years.
A) Pragmatics
B) Grammatical mastery
C) Alphabetic principle
D) Metalinguistic awareness