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Mercantilism
- -Mercantilism was a theory of trade stressing that a nation's economic strength depended on exporting more than it imported.
- -You need a colony to do this for support and for raw materials to manufacture.
- -sea power
- -large, working population
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Rio De La Plata
- -Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay, and part of Brazil
- -"River of Silver"
- -2nd most important river after Amazon
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Caudillos
- -Highest party or faction leader
- -conservatives
- -used military force to hold society together
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Pre Columbian use of bird dung
- -19th century capital started coming from Europe.
- -Dirt pockets being carved away and sailing ships taking it to fertilize fields in Peru, America, and Europe.
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The so called beginning of colonial period
Spanish
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Colonial is centuries of domination by
Spain and Portugal in the western hemisphere
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South America colonial real estate split
- -between Portugal and Spain
- -Large part(Brazil) is Portuguese speaking and the rest is Spanish
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Spain and Portugal fight more
diplomatically not on ground
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Basic system of economic policy that is followed by Spanish and Portuguese
Mercantilism
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Creole Spanish colonial culture are people born in
the Americas, and more closely identify with Americans. And makes them want to think more like Americans and De-colonization.
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Argentina gets head start on independence because
-its in South Atlantic
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1820 was the ______period
national
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What does it mean to be liberal or conservative in colonial era? (South America)
- 1. Liberal
- -wanted to see kings no longer in power
- -believed in a democratic system of government
- -wanted to go outside the box and change
- 2. Conservative
- -wanted to stay inside the box
- -didn't want to see any change
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Federalists idea
build up resources with what's in the region itself
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Uruguay economic model
- -becomes great economic country and are a great model
- -called the Switzerland of South America
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Environmental determinism
- -human activity, culture and society is determined by the physical environment
- -Europeans thought they would be better in temperate areas instead of tropical areas.
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Uruguay has an _______population
- aging
- -limited family size
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Maize
-wonder crop of South America and central valley of Mexico
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The _____current brings cold water to tropics
Humboldt
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El Nino
-warmer temperature along South America coast
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Tierra caliente
- -tropical climate
- -hot
- -bananas and cherries grown
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Tierra Templada
- -temperate climate
- -coffee, wheat, corn grown
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Tierra Fria
- -cool lands
- -potatoes, barley, corn
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Alexander von Humboldt
- -German scientist
- -father of modern physical geography
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Aime Bonpland
- -French botanist
- -explored with Alexander von Humboldt
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Eden idea
things have been a certain way for a long time and things changed when “we” came along (Spanish, and Portugese)
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East coast climate
- -heavily affected by Humbolt/Peru current; brings cold water into tropical climates
- -El nino warm waters
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Vegetation types in South America
- -Tropical basin in Amazon rain forest
- -Grasslands around Uruguay, Argentina, etc
- -Tropical rainforest in the north vs natural grasslands in the south
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Tropical rainforest climate and environment
- -higher temperature
- -very humid
- -canopy of trees
- -everything goes faster
- -multi layered
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