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Rectus abdominis, is an example of a muscle named by:
Its Direction of fibers relative to the body
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The external oblique is an example of a muscle named for:
Its location
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the Peroneus Brevis is an example of a muscle named for:
Its size
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The trapezius is an example of a muscle named for:
its Shape
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The Origin is:
attachment of the muscle's tendon to the more stationary bone.
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The insertion is the:
attachment of the other tendon from the muscle to the moveable bone
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Quadriceps has how many origins
4
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The adductor longus is a muscle named for:
Its Action
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Do movements of muscles just use one muscle to do its action.
In most cases the movement requires several skeletal muscles acting together.
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Most skeletal muscles are arranged in ________ pairs.
opposing
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Agonist
responsible for the desired movement
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Antagonist
responsible for the opposite movement
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What would happen if the Agonist and Antagonist contracted with equal strength?
no movement would occur.
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In order to produce movement:
one relaxes and is stretched while the other contracts.
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What is a Synergist?
help steady a movement and aid efficiency
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What is a Fixator
it helps stabilize the origin to aid efficiency
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During Inspiration: the diaphragm moves ______ when it contracts. The ribs move:
downward, up and out because of contraction of external intercostals and the accessory muscles.
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During expiration: the diaphragm moves _____ when it contracts. The ribs move:
upward, moves down and inward because of the contraction of the internal costals, external oblique, rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis, internal oblique
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Which muscles are for Mastication
Temporalis, Masseter, Lateral pterygoid, Medial pterygoid.
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What muscles are for facial expressions?
Frontalis, Orbicularis oris, Buccinator, Zygomaticus (major and minor), Orbicularis oculi, Platysma, Corrugator supercilii
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Which muscle raises the eyebrows?
Frontalis
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What muscles closes lips, protrudes lips, and shapes lips during speech.
Orbicularis Oris
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What muscle caves the cheeks in for sucking, or blowing air out.
Buccinator
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What muscle moves corner of mouth up and out as in smiling
Zygomaticus (minor and major)
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What muscle closes the eye?
Orbicularis Oculi
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What muscle moves the lower lip inferiorly and posteriorly as in pouting
Platysma
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What muscle pulls the eyebrows down as in frowning
Corrugator supercilii
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Which neck muscle flexes the neck, and rotates face on the opposite side that it contracts on
The sternocleidomastoid
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Which neck muscle raises the head, and when they contract rotates the head on the same side it contracts.
Longissimus Capitis
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Which muscle maintains erect position of spine:
Iliocostalis Thoracis
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What flexes the vertebral column to compress the abdomen?
Recuts Abdominis
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Which two muscles act on the pectoral girdle
Trapezius and the Levator scapulae
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What is the action of the Trapezius
Elevate the scapula
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What is the action f the Levator scapulae?
Elevate the scapula
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In moving the upper arm the Deltoid:
Abducts the arm
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What is the action of the Pectoralis major:
Adduct the arm
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What muscle Draws the arm posteriorly?
Latissimus Dorsi
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The Infraspinatus:
rotates the arm laterally and adducts the arm
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The Coracobrachialis:
flexes and adducts the arm
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What three muscles move the forearm?
Biceps Brachii, Triceps Brachii and Supinator
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What action does the Biceps Brachii do:
Flexes the forearm
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The Triceps Brachii:
Extends the forearm
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The supinator:
Supinates the forearm and the hand
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Flexors and Extensors move the:
hands
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The Gluteus Maximus:
extend the thigh
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The Gluteus Medius:
Abducts the Thigh
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A muscle that moves the thigh, the Tensor Fasciae Latae
Flexes and abducts thigh
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A muscle that moves the thigh, the Adductor Magnus:
adducts the thigh.
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The longest muscle in the body that flexes the thigh and rotates it laterally is?
the Sartorius, which is the leg crossing muscle.
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The Quadriceps Femoris has 4 sections which are?
Rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and the vastus intermedius.
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Biceps Femoris is one of the:
hamstrings that flexes the lower leg the rectus portion also flexes thigh
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The semimembranosus and semitendinosus are also called?
hamstrings that flex the lower leg the rectus portion also flexes the thigh.
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The gracilis adducts what?
the thigh and flexes the lower leg
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The Gastrocnemius moves what?
The foot, it flexes the foot and the lower leg and inserts on the heel by way of calcaneal tendon
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The soleus flexes what?
the foot and inserts on the heel by way of the calcaneal tendon.
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The tibialis anterior:
dorsiflexes (pulls up) and inverts (turns in) the foot.
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At what point do muscle fibers become progressively get replaced by fat?
beginning at about 30 years of age.
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What occurs during Muscular dystrophy:
Its an inherited muscle- destroyed disease where individual muscle fibers degenerate
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What occurs during Myasthenia Gravis
weakness of skeletal muscles, Is an autoimmune disease- body produces antibodies that bind to the receptors for chemical signals from nerves, in response muscles cant respond normally.
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What are other muscle diseases caused by?
Nerve Function (multiple sclerosis, polio)
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