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__ is the singly most imp. factor ind etermining E1 or E2. IWhy?
- nature of base
- strong base--> rate of bimolecular reaction will be greater than the rate of ionizatio= E2
- no strong base= good solvent makes a unimoelcular ioniization likely; loss of proton of weak base--> E1
- E1: base strength unimportant
- E2: requires strong bases
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The slow step of the E1 reaction is __. Like SN1 E1 critically depends on __.
In the E2 reaction, the TS spreads out the __ of the base over the entire molecule. There is no more good for __ in the E2 TS than in the reactants. The E1 is less sensitive tot eh __; in fact, some reagents are stronger bases in __.
- formation of two ions
- polar ionizing solvents
- - chanrge
- slvation
- solvent
- less polar solvents
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Summarize solvent comparison and substraet.
- E1: requries good ionizing solvent
- E2: solvent polarity not as imp.
E1 and E2: tertiary > secondary > primary (primary will not go E1)
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In the E1 reaction, the __ is formation of a carbocation, and the reactivity order reflects the stability of __. In the E2 reaction, the more __ generally form more substituted, more stable alkenes.
- RLS
- carbocations
- highly subbed
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The rate of the E1 is proportional to the __, but not to the __. It is a __.
The rate of the E2 is proportional to __. It followsa __/
- concentration of hte alkyl halide (RX)
- concentration of the base
- 1st order rate eq.
- both the alkyl halide and base
- second order rate eq.
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In most E1 and E2 elims with two or more possible products, the product with the most __ predominates, called __, adn the most highyl subbed product is __.
- subbed double bond
- Zaitsev's rule
- Zaitsev product
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The E1 reaction begins with an __ to give a __. No particular geometry required. The E2 reaction takes place through a concerted mechanism that requires a __ arrangement of hte bonds to the atoms being eliminated. Th TS is usually __, but can be __ in rigid systems
- ionization
- flat carbocation
- coplanar
- anticoplar
- syncoplanar
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E1 reactions invove a __, which can __ usually by the shift of a __ or an __, to give a more stable carbocation.
The E2 takes place in __ with __. __ is possible in E2.
- carbocation intermediate
- rearrange
- aklyk gorup or a hydride
- one step
- no intermediates
- no rearrangement
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